Mayfield R D, Grant M, Schallert T, Spirduso W W
Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1992;107(1):78-82. doi: 10.1007/BF02244969.
An animal model of human reaction time (RT) was used to investigate the effects of age and intoxicated practice on the development of tolerance to the motor impairing effects of ethanol (EtOH). Young (8-9 month) and old (24-26 month) Fischer 344 rats were trained to release a lever in response to an auditory and visual stimulus in order to avoid mild footshock. The animals were divided into groups to receive either intoxicated (EtOH-before) or unintoxicated (EtOH-after) RT testing. Successful avoidance and response latencies were impaired in young and old rats after the initial exposure to EtOH (EtOH-before group). Tolerance developed to EtOH's effects on successful avoidance and on response latencies whether or not the rats received intoxicated RT practice; however, intoxicated practice facilitated tolerance development to EtOH's effects on successful avoidance but not on response latencies. While the initial sensitivity and the level of tolerance that developed to EtOH's effects were similar in young and old rats, the old rats were generally more sensitive to EtOH and developed tolerance at a slower rate. These results suggest that tolerance develops to the effects of EtOH on RT and that intoxicated practice can have different effects on the parameters of the behavioral response.
采用人类反应时间（RT）的动物模型，研究年龄和醉酒练习对乙醇（EtOH）运动损伤效应耐受性发展的影响。将年轻（8 - 9个月）和年老（24 - 26个月）的Fischer 344大鼠训练为根据听觉和视觉刺激释放杠杆，以避免轻微电击。动物被分为几组，分别接受醉酒（EtOH-前）或未醉酒（EtOH-后）的RT测试。初次接触EtOH后（EtOH-前组），年轻和年老大鼠的成功回避和反应潜伏期均受损。无论大鼠是否接受醉酒RT练习，对EtOH对成功回避和反应潜伏期的影响均产生了耐受性；然而，醉酒练习促进了对EtOH对成功回避影响的耐受性发展，但对反应潜伏期没有影响。虽然年轻和年老大鼠对EtOH效应的初始敏感性和发展出的耐受水平相似，但年老大鼠通常对EtOH更敏感，且耐受性发展速度较慢。这些结果表明，对EtOH对RT的影响会产生耐受性，且醉酒练习对行为反应参数可能有不同影响。
