Peter J C, Sinclair-Smith C, De Villiers J C
Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Br J Neurosurg. 1992;6(2):107-14. doi: 10.3109/02688699209002911.
Thirty-five children with bregmatic dermoids were operated on at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and Groote Schuur Hospital between 1969 and 1990. Most children were under 1 year of age; 20 were males and 15 females. Thirty-one were African or of African descent, two were Indian and two Caucasian, an ethnic distribution which roughly approximates the ethnic ratio of patients attending our hospital. Most were investigated with skull X-rays and CT scan, but MRI was performed where further clarity was needed. Other lesions mimicking bregmatic dermoids included four haemagiomas, two hamartomas, two lipomas and one encephalocoele through the anterior fontanelle. One bregmatic lipoma was associated with a lipoma of the corpus callosum. All bregmatic cysts were removed through a simple elliptical incision and on connection with the central nervous system or its coverings was encountered in any patient. The pathology in all specimens reviewed (75%) revealed skin appendages to be present in the cyst wall. No epidermoids were found in this series. This series is the largest to date and adds another 31 patients of African descent to the accumulated literature which suggests that although universally distributed, the bregmatic dermoid still appears to be more common in Africans or their descendants.
1969年至1990年间，35例患有前囟皮样囊肿的儿童在红十字战争纪念儿童医院和格罗特舒尔医院接受了手术。大多数儿童年龄在1岁以下；男性20例，女性15例。31例为非洲人或有非洲血统，2例为印度人，2例为白种人，这种种族分布大致与我院就诊患者的种族比例相近。大多数患者接受了颅骨X光和CT扫描检查，但在需要进一步明确诊断时进行了MRI检查。其他类似前囟皮样囊肿的病变包括4例血管瘤、2例错构瘤、2例脂肪瘤和1例经前囟的脑膨出。1例前囟脂肪瘤与胼胝体脂肪瘤相关。所有前囟囊肿均通过简单的椭圆形切口切除，且未发现任何患者的囊肿与中枢神经系统或其被膜相连。所有送检标本（75%）的病理检查显示囊肿壁内存在皮肤附属器。本系列未发现表皮样囊肿。该系列是迄今为止最大的一组病例，在已积累的文献基础上又增加了31例有非洲血统的患者，这表明尽管前囟皮样囊肿在世界各地均有分布，但在非洲人或其后代中似乎仍然更为常见。
