Stubbs Jonathan, Deaner Guy
VocConsult Services, Rågvägen 13, 954 32 Gammelstad, Sweden.
Work. 2005;24(3):239-49.
Rehabilitation of functionally impaired in Sweden and the United States is compared and contrasted. Found is that there are fundamental differences in strategies. The Swedish system most often uses a medically oriented multidisciplinary team approach. The US system most often uses a single individual, the vocational rehabilitation counselor, to work with functionally impaired in helping them return to work. Emphasized is that a vocational rehabilitation counselor uses a unique array of skills that is not duplicated in Sweden by a single profession. Suggested is that a single person with a range of skills can more economically provide vocational rehabilitation services to those with functional impairments; whether this is practical for Sweden is yet to be determined. In contrasting the two systems it was evident that the US system has been in operation for a much longer time and that the Swedish system is maturing. Noted is that the governments of both countries are feeling pressure regarding funding of vocational rehabilitation. This is affecting the level and quality of services. The authors advocate wider contact between Swedish and US university-level training programs in rehabilitation. Felt is that each system has strengths and knowledge that can be used to benefit the other.
对瑞典和美国功能受损者的康复情况进行了比较和对比。发现两国在康复策略上存在根本差异。瑞典的康复系统通常采用以医学为导向的多学科团队方法。美国的康复系统通常由职业康复顾问这一单独个体，与功能受损者合作，帮助他们重返工作岗位。需要强调的是，职业康复顾问所使用的一系列独特技能，在瑞典没有单一职业能够重复具备。有人提出，具备多种技能的单一人员能够更经济地为功能受损者提供职业康复服务；但这在瑞典是否可行还有待确定。在对比这两种系统时，很明显美国的系统运行时间更长，而瑞典的系统正在不断成熟。值得注意的是，两国政府在职业康复资金方面都面临压力。这正在影响服务的水平和质量。作者主张瑞典和美国大学层面的康复培训项目之间进行更广泛的交流。人们认为每个系统都有优势和知识，可以相互借鉴以实现互利。
