Jesteadt Walt
Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2005 Jan;67(1):72-80. doi: 10.3758/bf03195013.
In studies of detection and discrimination, data are often obtained in the form of a 2 x 2 matrix and then converted to an estimate of d' based on the assumptions that the underlying decision distributions are Gaussian and equal in variance. The statistical properties of the estimate of d', d' are well understood for data obtained using the yes-no procedure, but less effort has been devoted to the more commonly used two-interval forced choice (2IFC) procedure. The variance associated with d' is a function of true d' in both procedures, but for small values of true d' the variance of d' obtained using the 2IFC procedure is predicted to be less than the variance of d' obtained using yes-no; for large values of true d', the variance of d' obtained using the 2IFC procedure is predicted to be greater than the variance of d' from yes-no. These results follow from standard assumptions about the relationship between the two procedures. The present paper reviews the statistical properties of d' obtained using the two standard procedures and compares estimates of the variance of d' as a function of true d' with the variance observed in values of d' obtained with a 2IFC procedure.
在检测与辨别研究中，数据通常以2×2矩阵的形式获取，然后基于潜在决策分布为高斯分布且方差相等的假设，转换为d'的估计值。对于使用是-否程序获得的数据，d'估计值的统计特性已得到充分理解，但对于更常用的双间隔强迫选择（2IFC）程序，相关研究较少。在这两种程序中，与d'相关的方差都是真实d'的函数，但对于较小的真实d'值，预计使用2IFC程序获得的d'方差小于使用是-否程序获得的d'方差；对于较大的真实d'值，预计使用2IFC程序获得的d'方差大于使用是-否程序获得的d'方差。这些结果源于关于这两种程序之间关系的标准假设。本文回顾了使用两种标准程序获得的d'的统计特性，并将d'方差的估计值作为真实d'的函数与通过2IFC程序获得的d'值中观察到的方差进行比较。
