Hautus M J, Lee A J
Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Percept Psychophys. 1998 May;60(4):638-49. doi: 10.3758/bf03206051.
The dispersions of estimates of sensitivity obtained from the yes-no, two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC), matching-to-sample, and same-different tasks were examined to determine which task would be more appropriate to use in a given experimental context. Consideration was given to the effects of corrections for extreme sampled proportions. These corrections result in biased estimators, and hence the mean-square deviation of the sampled values about the population mean [MSD(d')], rather than that about the mean of the estimates [VAR(d')], indicates more completely the extent of the error in the estimator. For barely discriminable events (d' approximately equal to 0.5), the yes-no and 2AFC tasks had the lowest values of MSD(d'). However, for very discriminable events(d > 3), the same-different and matching-to-sample tasks had lower values of MSD(d').
对从是-否、二选一强制选择（2AFC）、样本匹配和相同-不同任务中获得的敏感度估计值的离散度进行了检验，以确定在给定的实验环境中使用哪种任务更为合适。考虑了对极端抽样比例进行校正的影响。这些校正会导致估计量有偏差，因此，抽样值相对于总体均值的均方偏差[MSD(d')]，而非相对于估计值均值的均方偏差[VAR(d')]，能更全面地表明估计量中的误差程度。对于勉强可辨别的事件（d'约等于0.5），是-否和2AFC任务的MSD(d')值最低。然而，对于非常可辨别的事件（d>3），相同-不同和样本匹配任务的MSD(d')值较低。
