Vannest Jennifer, Polk Thad A, Lewis Richard L
Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Meliora Hall, Box 270268, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2005 Mar;5(1):67-76. doi: 10.3758/cabn.5.1.67.
Many behavioral models of the comprehension of suffixed words assume a dual-route mechanism in which these words are accessed sometimes from the mental lexicon as whole units and sometimes in terms of their component morphemes (such as happi+ness). In related neuropsychological work, Ullman et al. (1997) proposed a dual-route model for past tense processing, in which the lexicon (used for access to irregularly inflected forms) corresponds to declarative memory and a medial temporal/ parietal circuit, and the rule system (used for computation of regularly inflected forms) corresponds to procedural memory and a frontal (including Broca's area)/basal ganglia circuit. We used functional MRI and a memory encoding task to test this model for derivationally suffixed words, comparing those words that show evidence of decompositional processing in behavioral studies (-ness, -less, and -able words) with derived words that do not show decomposition effects (-ity and -ation words). By examining Broca's area and the basal ganglia as regions of interest, we found that "decomposable" derived and inflected words showed increases in activity relative to nondecomposable suffixed words. Results support a dual-route model of lexical access of complex words that is consistent with the Ullman et al. proposal.
许多关于后缀词理解的行为模型都假定存在一种双通道机制，在这种机制下，这些词有时作为完整的单位从心理词库中提取，有时则依据其组成词素（如happi+ness）来提取。在相关的神经心理学研究中，乌尔曼等人（1997年）提出了一种用于过去时态处理的双通道模型，其中词库（用于获取不规则变化形式）对应于陈述性记忆和内侧颞叶/顶叶回路，而规则系统（用于计算规则变化形式）对应于程序性记忆和额叶（包括布洛卡区）/基底神经节回路。我们使用功能磁共振成像和一项记忆编码任务来测试这个用于派生词缀词的模型，将那些在行为研究中显示出分解处理证据的词（-ness、-less和-able词）与未显示出分解效应的派生词（-ity和-ation词）进行比较。通过将布洛卡区和基底神经节作为感兴趣的区域进行研究，我们发现，相对于不可分解的后缀词，“可分解的”派生词和屈折词的活动增加。结果支持了一种与乌尔曼等人的提议一致的复杂词词汇提取双通道模型。
