Windsor Aaron J, Reichelt Michael, Figuth Antje, Svatos Ales, Kroymann Juergen, Kliebenstein Daniel J, Gershenzon Jonathan, Mitchell-Olds Thomas
Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Phytochemistry. 2005 Jun;66(11):1321-33. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.04.016.
Glucosinolates are biologically active secondary metabolites that display both intra- and interspecific variation in the order Brassicales. Glucosinolate profiles have not been interpreted within a phylogenic framework and little is known regarding the processes that influence the evolution of glucosinolate diversity at a macroevolutionary scale. We have analyzed leaf glucosinolate profiles from members of the Brassicaceae that have diverged from Arabidopsis thaliana within the last 15 million years and interpreted our findings relative to the phylogeny of this group. We identified several interspecific polymorphisms in glucosinolate composition. A majority of these polymorphisms are lineage-specific secondary losses of glucosinolate characters, but a gain-of-character polymorphism was also detected. The genetic basis of most observed polymorphisms appears to be regulatory. In the case of A. lyrata, geographic distribution is also shown to contribute to glucosinolate metabolic diversity. Further, we observed evidence of gene-flow between sympatric species, parallel evolution, and the existence of genetic constraints on the evolution of glucosinolates within the Brassicaceae.
硫代葡萄糖苷是具有生物活性的次生代谢产物，在十字花目植物中表现出种内和种间变异。硫代葡萄糖苷谱尚未在系统发育框架内得到解释，关于在宏观进化尺度上影响硫代葡萄糖苷多样性进化的过程也知之甚少。我们分析了在过去1500万年中与拟南芥分化的十字花科成员的叶片硫代葡萄糖苷谱，并根据该类群的系统发育来解释我们的发现。我们在硫代葡萄糖苷组成中鉴定出了几种种间多态性。这些多态性中的大多数是硫代葡萄糖苷特征的谱系特异性次生丧失，但也检测到了一个特征获得多态性。大多数观察到的多态性的遗传基础似乎是调控性的。在琴叶拟南芥的案例中，地理分布也被证明对硫代葡萄糖苷代谢多样性有贡献。此外，我们观察到了同域物种之间基因流动、平行进化以及十字花科内硫代葡萄糖苷进化存在遗传限制的证据。
