Artal R
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Clin Sports Med. 1992 Apr;11(2):363-77.
Despite the theoretic risks to both mother and fetus listed in this article, exercise in pregnancy conducted in moderation appears to be safe in most cases. The current published literature includes the following consistent findings: 1. Women who exercised before pregnancy and continued to do so during pregnancy tended to weigh less, gain less weight, and deliver smaller babies than controls. 2. All women, regardless of initial level of physical activity, decrease their activity as pregnancy progresses. 3. No information is available to assess whether active women have better pregnancy outcome than their sedentary counterparts. No information is available on sedentary women. 4. Physically active women appear to tolerate labor pain better. 5. Exercise can be used as an alternative and safe therapeutic approach for gestational diabetes. Pregnancy should not be a state of confinement, and cardiovascular and muscular fitness can be reasonably maintained. Restriction of physical activity should be dictated by obstetric and medical indications only. Health care providers should inform pregnant women of potential risks and individualized exercise prescription as indicated and necessary.
尽管本文列出了对母亲和胎儿的理论风险，但在大多数情况下，孕期适度运动似乎是安全的。目前已发表的文献有以下一致的发现：1. 孕前运动且孕期持续运动的女性往往比对照组体重更轻、增重更少，分娩的婴儿也更小。2. 所有女性，无论最初的身体活动水平如何，随着孕期进展都会减少活动量。3. 没有信息可用于评估活跃女性的妊娠结局是否比久坐的女性更好。也没有关于久坐女性的信息。4. 身体活跃的女性似乎对分娩疼痛的耐受性更好。5. 运动可作为妊娠期糖尿病的一种安全替代治疗方法。孕期不应是一种受限状态，心血管和肌肉健康可以合理维持。身体活动的限制应仅由产科和医学指征决定。医疗保健提供者应告知孕妇潜在风险，并根据需要开具个性化的运动处方。
