Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Apr;9(4):1263-307. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9041263. Epub 2012 Apr 16.
Child obesity is a global epidemic whose development is rooted in complex and multi-factorial interactions. Once established, obesity is difficult to reverse and epidemiological, animal model, and experimental studies have provided strong evidence implicating the intrauterine environment in downstream obesity. This review focuses on the interplay between maternal obesity, gestational weight gain and lifestyle behaviours, which may act independently or in combination, to perpetuate the intergenerational cycle of obesity. The gestational period, is a crucial time of growth, development and physiological change in mother and child. This provides a window of opportunity for intervention via maternal nutrition and/or physical activity that may induce beneficial physiological alternations in the fetus that are mediated through favourable adaptations to in utero environmental stimuli. Evidence in the emerging field of epigenetics suggests that chronic, sub-clinical perturbations during pregnancy may affect fetal phenotype and long-term human data from ongoing randomized controlled trials will further aid in establishing the science behind ones predisposition to positive energy balance.
儿童肥胖是一种全球性的流行病，其发展源于复杂的多因素相互作用。一旦形成，肥胖就很难逆转，流行病学、动物模型和实验研究为子宫内环境在肥胖的下游发展中提供了强有力的证据。这篇综述重点关注了母体肥胖、妊娠期体重增加和生活方式行为之间的相互作用，这些因素可能单独或联合作用，使肥胖的代际循环持续下去。妊娠期是母亲和孩子生长、发育和生理变化的关键时期。这为通过母体营养和/或体育活动进行干预提供了机会，这些干预可能会通过对宫内环境刺激的有利适应，诱导胎儿产生有益的生理变化。新兴的表观遗传学领域的证据表明，妊娠期间的慢性、亚临床干扰可能会影响胎儿表型，而正在进行的随机对照试验的长期人类数据将进一步帮助确定人们对正能平衡的倾向背后的科学依据。
