Beck Ludwig, Römbke Jörg, Breure Anton M, Mulder Christian
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Erbprinzenstrasse 13, D-76063 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2005 Oct;62(2):189-200. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.03.024.
In comparison with other environmental compartments, the protection of soil was identified relatively late as an important issue. Even later, policy makers and the general public considered the ecological functions of the soil. However, recently, the central role of these functions, as well as the importance of the soil organism community, has become obvious in several countries in Europe and in the European Union itself. In this contribution, basic considerations referring to use of ecological endpoints for the classification and assessment of soils are discussed. The article begins with two goals of protection: to protect soil so that it can function and to protect soil as a habitat for organisms necessary for these functions. Afterward, the quality of soil from is discussed from a biological point of view. Finally, on the basis of experience from limnology and botany, recommendations are made for monitoring programs. In other articles of this series, details of the entire approach to ecological classification and assessment are outlined.
与其他环境介质相比，土壤保护作为一个重要问题较晚才得到确认。甚至更晚些时候，政策制定者和公众才开始考虑土壤的生态功能。然而，最近，这些功能的核心作用以及土壤生物群落的重要性在欧洲的几个国家以及欧盟自身已变得十分明显。在本论文中，讨论了关于使用生态终点对土壤进行分类和评估的基本考量。文章开篇提出了两个保护目标：保护土壤使其能够发挥功能，以及保护土壤作为这些功能所需生物的栖息地。随后，从生物学角度探讨了土壤质量。最后，基于湖沼学和植物学的经验，对监测计划提出了建议。在本系列的其他文章中，概述了生态分类和评估的整个方法的细节。
