Hayes K C, Khosla P
Foster Biomedical Research Laboratory, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254.
FASEB J. 1992 May;6(8):2600-7. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.6.8.1592210.
Results obtained with cebus monkeys indicate that dietary myristic (14:0) and palmitic (16:0) acids exert disparate effects on cholesterol metabolism, whereas the ability of linoleic acid (18:2) to decrease total plasma cholesterol displays an upper limit or threshold. Reanalysis of published data suggests a similar situation pertains in humans. In agreement with an earlier human study, 14:0 appears to be the principal saturated fatty acid that raises plasma cholesterol whereas 18:2 lowers it. Oleic acid (18:1) appears neutral. The effect of 16:0 may vary. In normocholesterolemic subjects consuming diets containing less than or equal to 300 mg/day of cholesterol, 16:0 appears to be without effect on plasma cholesterol. However, in hypercholesterolemic subjects (greater than 225 mg/dl) and especially those consuming diets providing cholesterol intakes of greater than or equal to 400 mg/day, dietary 16:0 may expand the plasma cholesterol pool.
对卷尾猴的研究结果表明，膳食中的肉豆蔻酸（14:0）和棕榈酸（16:0）对胆固醇代谢有不同影响，而亚油酸（18:2）降低血浆总胆固醇的能力存在上限或阈值。对已发表数据的重新分析表明，人类也存在类似情况。与早期的人体研究一致，14:0似乎是升高血浆胆固醇的主要饱和脂肪酸，而18:2则会降低血浆胆固醇。油酸（18:1）似乎呈中性。16:0的影响可能有所不同。在每日胆固醇摄入量小于或等于300毫克的正常胆固醇受试者中，16:0似乎对血浆胆固醇没有影响。然而，在高胆固醇血症受试者（大于225毫克/分升）中，尤其是那些每日胆固醇摄入量大于或等于400毫克的受试者，膳食中的16:0可能会扩大血浆胆固醇池。
