Legrand Philippe, Beauchamp Erwan, Catheline Daniel, Pédrono Frédérique, Rioux Vincent
Laboratoire de Biochimie-Nutrition Humaine, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA USC 2012, 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc, CS 84215, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.
Lipids. 2010 Nov;45(11):975-86. doi: 10.1007/s11745-010-3481-5. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
This study investigates the effect of various dietary saturated fatty acid (SFA) profiles on plasma lipid parameters and tissue fatty acid composition in rats. The experiment was designed to monitor polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels, while examining different amounts and types of SFA. Four isocaloric diets were prepared, containing 10-11 mol% of fatty acids (FA) as linoleic acid (LNA) and 2.5 mol% as α-linolenic acid (ALA), leading to an identical and well-balanced LNA/ALA ratio. The initial rapeseed oil/corn oil mixture providing ALA and LNA was enriched with olive oil to prepare the olive oil diet. The butterfat diet was supplemented with butterfat, containing short-chain SFA (C4:0-C10:0, 17 mol% of FA), lauric acid (C12:0, 3.2 mol%), myristic acid (C14:0, 10.5 mol%) and palmitic acid (C16:0, 14.5 mol%). The saturates diet was supplemented with trilaurin, trimyristin and tripalmitin to obtain the same level of lauric, myristic and palmitic acids as the butterfat diet, without the short-chain SFA. The trimyristin diet was enriched with trimyristin only. The results showed that the butterfat diet contributed to specific effects, compared to the olive oil diet and the saturates and trimyristin diets: a decrease in plasma total, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, higher tissue storage of ALA and LNA, and a higher level of (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acids in some tissues. This study supports the hypothesis that in diets with identical well-balanced LNA/ALA ratios, short chain SFA may decrease circulating cholesterol and increase tissue polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the rat.
本研究调查了不同膳食饱和脂肪酸（SFA）谱对大鼠血浆脂质参数和组织脂肪酸组成的影响。该实验旨在监测多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）水平，同时检测不同含量和类型的SFA。制备了四种等热量饮食，其中脂肪酸（FA）的10 - 11摩尔%为亚油酸（LNA），2.5摩尔%为α-亚麻酸（ALA），从而使LNA/ALA比例相同且均衡。最初提供ALA和LNA的菜籽油/玉米油混合物用橄榄油强化，以制备橄榄油饮食。乳脂饮食补充了乳脂，其中含有短链SFA（C4:0 - C10:0，占FA的17摩尔%）、月桂酸（C12:0，3.2摩尔%）、肉豆蔻酸（C14:0，10.5摩尔%）和棕榈酸（C16:0，14.5摩尔%）。饱和脂肪饮食补充了三甘油一月桂酸酯、三甘油肉豆蔻酸酯和三甘油棕榈酸酯，以获得与乳脂饮食相同水平的月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸和棕榈酸，但不含短链SFA。三甘油肉豆蔻酸酯饮食仅用三甘油肉豆蔻酸酯强化。结果表明，与橄榄油饮食、饱和脂肪和三甘油肉豆蔻酸酯饮食相比，乳脂饮食产生了特定的影响：血浆总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低，ALA和LNA在组织中的储存增加，并且某些组织中（n - 3）高度不饱和脂肪酸水平升高。本研究支持以下假设：在LNA/ALA比例相同且均衡的饮食中，短链SFA可能会降低大鼠的循环胆固醇并增加组织多不饱和脂肪酸含量。
