Urquhart Donna M, Hodges Paul W, Allen Trevor J, Story Ian H
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Central and Eastern Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
Man Ther. 2005 May;10(2):144-53. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2004.08.011.
Various exercises are used to retrain the abdominal muscles in the management of low back pain and other musculoskeletal disorders. However, few studies have directly investigated the activity of all the abdominal muscles or the recruitment of regions of the abdominal muscles during these manoeuvres. This study examined the activity of different regions of transversus abdominis (TrA), obliquus internus (OI) and externus abdominis (OE), and rectus abdominis (RA), and movement of the lumbar spine, pelvis and abdomen during inward movement of the lower abdominal wall, abdominal bracing, pelvic tilting, and inward movement of the lower and upper abdominal wall. Inward movement of the lower abdominal wall in supine produced greater activity of TrA compared to OI, OE and RA. During posterior pelvic tilting, middle OI was most active and with abdominal bracing, OE was predominantly recruited. Regions of TrA were recruited differentially and an inverse relationship between lumbopelvic motion and TrA electromyography (EMG) was found. This study indicates that inward movement of the lower abdominal wall in supine produces the most independent activity of TrA relative to the other abdominal muscles, recruitment varies between regions of TrA, and observation of abdominal and lumbopelvic motion may assist in evaluation of exercise performance.
在治疗腰痛和其他肌肉骨骼疾病时，会采用各种锻炼方法来重新训练腹部肌肉。然而，很少有研究直接调查这些动作过程中所有腹部肌肉的活动情况或腹部肌肉各区域的募集情况。本研究检测了腹横肌（TrA）、腹内斜肌（OI）、腹外斜肌（OE）和腹直肌（RA）不同区域的活动，以及在下腹壁向内运动、腹部支撑、骨盆倾斜以及下、上腹壁向内运动过程中腰椎、骨盆和腹部的运动情况。仰卧时下腹壁向内运动时，TrA的活动比OI、OE和RA更明显。在后倾骨盆时，腹内斜肌中部最活跃，而在腹部支撑时，主要募集的是腹外斜肌。腹横肌各区域的募集情况不同，并且发现腰骨盆运动与腹横肌肌电图（EMG）之间存在负相关关系。本研究表明，仰卧时下腹壁向内运动相对于其他腹部肌肉能产生最独立的腹横肌活动，腹横肌各区域的募集情况有所不同，观察腹部和腰骨盆运动可能有助于评估锻炼效果。
