Koster Ernst H W, Verschuere Bruno, Crombez Geert, Van Damme Stefaan
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Behav Res Ther. 2005 Aug;43(8):1087-98. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2004.08.004.
Cognitive studies about anxiety suggest that the interplay between automatic and strategic biases in attention to threat is related to the persistence of fear. In the present study, the time-course of attention to pictures with varying threat levels was investigated in high trait anxious (HTA, n=21) and low trait anxious (LTA, n=22) students. In a visual probe detection task, high and mild threat pictures were presented at three durations: 100, 500, and 1250 ms. Results indicated that all individuals attended to the high threat pictures for the 100 ms condition. Differential responding between HTA and LTA individuals was found for the 500 ms condition: only HTA individuals showed an attentional bias for mild threatening stimuli. For the 1250 ms condition, the HTA individuals attended away from high and mild threat pictures. The observed pattern of differential attention to threatening pictures may explain the persistence of fear in HTA individuals.
关于焦虑的认知研究表明，在对威胁的注意力方面，自动偏差和策略偏差之间的相互作用与恐惧的持续存在有关。在本研究中，对高特质焦虑（HTA，n = 21）和低特质焦虑（LTA，n = 22）的学生在关注不同威胁程度图片时的时间进程进行了研究。在一项视觉探测任务中，高威胁和中度威胁图片以三种时长呈现：100、500和1250毫秒。结果表明，在100毫秒条件下，所有个体都关注高威胁图片。在500毫秒条件下，发现HTA和LTA个体之间存在差异反应：只有HTA个体对中度威胁刺激表现出注意力偏差。在1250毫秒条件下，HTA个体的注意力从高威胁和中度威胁图片上移开。观察到的对威胁图片的差异注意力模式可能解释了HTA个体中恐惧的持续存在。
