Pizlo Zygmunt, Li Yunfeng, Francis Gregory
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2081, USA.
Vision Res. 2005 Aug;45(17):2244-55. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2005.02.011. Epub 2005 Mar 17.
We report a new phenomenon, which illustrates that the role of binocular disparity in 3D shape perception critically depends on whether the parts are interpreted as belonging to a single object. The nature of this phenomenon was studied in four experiments. In the first two experiments the subjects were shown a sequence of stereoscopic images of a cube, in which binocular disparity indicated that the individual parts move towards or away from one eye. However, when the parts of the cube were perceived as elements of a single object, they appeared to move in a rigid fashion and the direction of motion was orthogonal to that predicted by the binocular disparities. The third experiment generalized these results to more complex polyhedra. The last experiment showed that constraints related to motion, such as rigidity, are important, but not critical for this phenomenon to occur. All these results imply that the interpretation as to what corresponds to a single object affects the importance (weight) of binocular disparity and may even eliminate its contribution altogether; the percept of a 3D shape is dominated by a priori constraints, and depth cues play a secondary role.
我们报告了一种新现象，该现象表明双眼视差在三维形状感知中的作用严重依赖于各部分是否被解释为属于单个物体。在四项实验中研究了这一现象的本质。在前两项实验中，向受试者展示了一个立方体的一系列立体图像，其中双眼视差表明各个部分朝着或远离一只眼睛移动。然而，当立方体的各个部分被视为单个物体的元素时，它们似乎以刚性方式移动，并且运动方向与双眼视差预测的方向正交。第三个实验将这些结果推广到更复杂的多面体。最后一个实验表明，与运动相关的约束，如刚性，很重要，但对于该现象的发生并非至关重要。所有这些结果意味着关于什么对应于单个物体的解释会影响双眼视差的重要性（权重），甚至可能完全消除其贡献；三维形状的感知由先验约束主导，深度线索起次要作用。
