Kenny Dianna T, Mitchell Helen F
Australian Centre for Applied Research in Music Performance (ACARMP), Sydney Conservatorium of Music, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Voice. 2006 Mar;20(1):55-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.12.002. Epub 2005 May 31.
Long-term average spectra (LTAS) have identified features in the sounds of singers and have compared different vocal qualities based on energy changes that occur during different vocal tasks. In this study, we compared the perceptual ratings of vocal quality of expert pedagogues with acoustic measures performed on LTAS. Fifteen expert judges rated 24 samples with six repeats of six advanced singing students under two conditions: "optimal" (O), which represented the application of the maximal open throat technique; and "suboptimal" (SO), which represented the application of the reduced open throat technique. LTAS were performed on each singing sample, and two conventional assessments of peak energy height [singing power ratio (SPR)] and peak area [energy ratio (ER)] were calculated on each LTAS. Perceptual scores, SPR, and ER were rank ordered. We then compared perceptual rankings with rankings of acoustic measures (SPR and ER) to assess whether these acoustic measurements matched the perceptual judgments of vocal quality. Although we found the expected significant relationship between SPR and ER, there was no relationship between perceptual ratings of vocal samples or singers based on SPR or ER. These findings suggest that because LTAS measures are not consistent with perceptual ratings of vocal quality, such measurements cannot define a voice of quality. Future research with LTAS to assess vocal quality should consider alternative measures that are more sensitive to subtle differences in vocal parameters.
长期平均谱（LTAS）已识别出歌手声音中的特征，并基于不同发声任务期间发生的能量变化比较了不同的嗓音质量。在本研究中，我们将专家教师对嗓音质量的感知评分与在LTAS上进行的声学测量进行了比较。15名专家评委在两种条件下对6名高级歌唱学生的24个样本进行了六次重复评分：“最佳”（O），代表最大打开喉咙技术的应用；“次优”（SO），代表减少打开喉咙技术的应用。对每个歌唱样本进行LTAS测量，并在每个LTAS上计算两个传统的峰值能量高度评估指标[歌唱功率比（SPR）]和峰值面积[能量比（ER）]。对感知分数、SPR和ER进行排序。然后，我们将感知排名与声学测量指标（SPR和ER）的排名进行比较，以评估这些声学测量是否与嗓音质量的感知判断相匹配。尽管我们发现SPR和ER之间存在预期的显著关系，但基于SPR或ER的嗓音样本或歌手的感知评分之间没有关系。这些发现表明，由于LTAS测量与嗓音质量的感知评分不一致，此类测量无法定义高质量的嗓音。未来使用LTAS评估嗓音质量的研究应考虑对嗓音参数细微差异更敏感的替代测量方法。
