Belke Eva, Brysbaert Marc, Meyer Antje S, Ghyselinck Mandy
Department of Psychology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
Cognition. 2005 Jun;96(2):B45-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2004.11.006. Epub 2005 Jan 25.
In many tasks the effects of frequency and age of acquisition (AoA) on reaction latencies are similar in size. However, in picture naming the AoA-effect is often significantly larger than expected on the basis of the frequency-effect. Previous explanations of this frequency-independent AoA-effect have attributed it to the organisation of the semantic system or to the way phonological word forms are stored in the mental lexicon. Using a semantic blocking paradigm, we show that semantic context effects on naming latencies are more pronounced for late-acquired than for early-acquired words. This interaction between AoA and naming context is likely to arise during lexical-semantic encoding, which we put forward as the locus for the frequency-independent AoA-effect.
在许多任务中，词频和习得年龄（AoA）对反应潜伏期的影响在大小上是相似的。然而，在图片命名任务中，习得年龄效应通常比基于词频效应所预期的要大得多。此前对这种与词频无关的习得年龄效应的解释将其归因于语义系统的组织方式，或者是语音词形在心理词库中的存储方式。通过使用语义阻断范式，我们发现语义语境对命名潜伏期的影响在晚习得词中比在早习得词中更为显著。习得年龄和命名语境之间的这种相互作用很可能出现在词汇语义编码过程中，我们认为这就是与词频无关的习得年龄效应的发生位点。
