Poston W S C, Haddock C K, Pinkston M M, Pace P, Karakoc N D, Reeves R S, Foreyt J P
Health Research Group, Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas, MO 64110, USA.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2005 Sep;29(9):1107-14. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803007.
To evaluate whether snacking would improve weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight individuals within the context of a structured meal replacement (MR) weight loss program.
A prospective 24 week, 2 (snacking vs nonsnacking) x 2 (MR vs meal replacement augmented with snacks (MRPS)) randomized trial. Participants were instructed to limit their total daily intake to 1200 (women) or 1500 (men) kcals. Those receiving the MR program were instructed not to snack while those in the MRPS program were told to snack three times per day.
A total of 100 participants were block-randomized, based on prestudy snacking status (high vs low), to receive a standard meal replacement program (MR) or MRPS.
Weight, height, blood pressure, lipid fractions, glucose, and insulin were assessed at the baseline, 12-, and 24 weeks.
Completers analysis at 24 weeks demonstrated a significant time effect (F(1,46)=44.6, P<0.001), indicating that all participants lost significant amounts of weight regardless of group assignment. An intention-to-treat model resulted in similar results. By week 24, the average weight loss across groups was 4.6 kg. There also were significant improvements across all groups among completers for systolic blood pressure (P=0.047), cholesterol (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.001), glucose (P=0.004), and insulin (P=0.001) at week 12, and glucose (P=0.001) and insulin at week 24 (P=0.003).
Our results suggest that a participant's preferences for snacking did not affect their response to treatment. Snackers and nonsnackers responded equally well whether they received a standard meal replacement program or one augmented with snacks.
在结构化代餐减肥计划的背景下，评估吃零食是否会改善超重个体的体重减轻及体重维持情况。
一项为期24周的前瞻性随机试验，采用2（吃零食组与不吃零食组）×2（代餐组与零食强化代餐组）设计。参与者被要求将每日总摄入量限制在1200千卡（女性）或1500千卡（男性）。接受代餐计划的参与者被指示不要吃零食，而零食强化代餐组的参与者被告知每天吃三次零食。
根据研究前吃零食的状况（高或低），将总共100名参与者进行区组随机分组，以接受标准代餐计划（MR）或零食强化代餐计划（MRPS）。
在基线、第12周和第24周评估体重、身高、血压、血脂成分、血糖和胰岛素水平。
24周时的完成者分析显示出显著的时间效应（F(1,46)=44.6，P<0.001），表明无论分组如何，所有参与者都减轻了大量体重。意向性分析模型得出了类似的结果。到第24周时，各组的平均体重减轻了4.6千克。在完成者中，所有组在第12周时收缩压（P=0.047）、胆固醇（P=0.001）、低密度脂蛋白（P=0.001）、血糖（P=0.004）和胰岛素（P=0.001）以及在第24周时血糖（P=0.001）和胰岛素（P=0.003）也都有显著改善。
我们的结果表明，参与者对吃零食的偏好并不影响他们对治疗的反应。吃零食者和不吃零食者在接受标准代餐计划或零食强化代餐计划时的反应同样良好。
