Baumeister R F, Cairns K J
Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 May;62(5):851-62. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.62.5.851.
To defend against threatening feedback, one may avoid and ignore it, or one may dwell on it and think of refutations. Repressors who received threatening feedback privately spent the least amount of time reading it, whereas repressors who received the same feedback publicly spent a long time reading it. Thus, the audience prevented repressors from ignoring threatening feedback; instead, they thought and worried about the partner's (bad) impression of them. Nonrepressors were unaffected by the favorability of the evaluation or the public nature of the situation. Repressors showed superior recall for the few bits of threatening information embedded in a generally favorable evaluation, suggesting that they are especially sensitive when their defenses are down.
为了抵御具有威胁性的反馈，人们可能会回避并忽视它，或者反复思考并想出反驳的理由。私下收到威胁性反馈的压抑者花在阅读上的时间最少，而公开收到相同反馈的压抑者则花了很长时间阅读。因此，观众阻止了压抑者忽视威胁性反馈；相反，他们会思考并担心伴侣对自己的（负面）印象。非压抑者不受评价的有利程度或情境的公开性质的影响。压抑者对一般有利评价中嵌入的少量威胁性信息表现出更好的记忆，这表明当他们的防御机制失效时，他们会格外敏感。
