Gil Armande
The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2005 Fall;36(1):27-52. doi: 10.1007/s10578-004-3605-3.
This paper is a review of empirical investigations of the repressive adaptive style in youth. Studies were selected on the basis of their adherence to Weinberger et al.'s (J Abnorm Psychol 88: 369-380, 1979) paradigm, consisting of the interaction between a measure of distress and a measure of defensiveness to categorize repressors. The presence of a repressive style of adaptation was identified in adolescence, especially among pediatric populations. Adolescent repressors were found to exhibit characteristics similar to those identified among adult samples (i.e., self-deception, biased self-reports, and inhibition of signals of distress). Only one study focused on young repressors' autonomic reactivity, which is another main characteristic of a repressive adaptive style in adulthood. Methodological inconsistencies between child studies are highlighted and weaknesses in the psychometric properties of defensiveness measures in childhood are discussed. Future investigations should examine the impact of a repressive adaptive style on health outcomes and behaviors to see if adult health data associated with a repressive style of adaptation are replicable in childhood.
本文是对青少年压抑性适应方式实证研究的综述。这些研究是根据其对温伯格等人（《变态心理学杂志》88: 369 - 380, 1979）范式的遵循情况挑选出来的，该范式由痛苦测量与防御性测量之间的相互作用组成，用于对压抑者进行分类。压抑性适应方式在青少年期被发现，尤其是在儿科人群中。研究发现青少年压抑者表现出与成年样本中所确定的特征相似的特征（即自我欺骗、有偏差的自我报告以及对痛苦信号的抑制）。只有一项研究关注了年轻压抑者的自主反应性，这是成年期压抑性适应方式的另一个主要特征。文中强调了儿童研究之间的方法学不一致性，并讨论了儿童期防御性测量的心理测量特性方面的弱点。未来的研究应考察压抑性适应方式对健康结果和行为的影响，以确定与压抑性适应方式相关的成人健康数据是否能在儿童期得到重复验证。
