Kennedy Sean R, Campbell Patrick J, Porter Allan, Tocher Douglas R
Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Jun;141(2):168-78. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2005.02.010. Epub 2005 Apr 12.
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on lipid and fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon. The overall objective being to test the hypotheses that CLA has beneficial effects in salmon including growth enhancement, improved flesh quality through decreased adiposity and lipid deposition thereby minimising detrimental effects of feeding high fat diets, and increased nutritional quality through increased levels of beneficial fatty acids including n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) and CLA itself. Salmon smolts were fed diets containing two levels of fish oil (low, approximately 18% and high, approximately 34%) containing three levels of CLA (a 1:1 mixture of 9-cis,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12. at 0, 1 and 2% of diet) for 3 months and the effects on growth performance, liver and muscle (flesh) lipid contents and class compositions, and fatty acid compositions determined. The diets were also specifically formulated to investigate whether the effects of CLA, if any, were more dependent upon absolute content of CLA in the diet (as percentage of total diet) or the relative level of CLA to other fatty acids. Dietary CLA in salmon smolts had no effect on growth parameters or biometric parameters. However, there was a clear trend of increased total lipid and triacylglycerol contents in both liver and flesh in fish fed CLA, particularly in fish fed the high oil diets. Finally, CLA was incorporated into tissue lipids, with levels in flesh being 2-fold higher than in liver, but importantly, incorporation in liver was at the expense of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids whereas in flesh it was at the expense of n-3HUFA.
本研究的目的是确定共轭亚油酸（CLA）对大西洋鲑鱼脂质和脂肪酸代谢的影响。总体目标是检验以下假设：CLA对鲑鱼具有有益作用，包括促进生长、通过降低肥胖和脂质沉积改善鱼肉品质，从而将高脂饮食的有害影响降至最低，以及通过提高有益脂肪酸（包括n-3高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）和CLA本身）的水平提高营养质量。给鲑鱼幼鱼投喂含有两种水平鱼油（低水平，约18%；高水平，约34%）且含有三种水平CLA（9-顺式，反式-11和反式-10，顺式-12的1:1混合物，占饲料的0%、1%和2%）的饲料，持续3个月，并测定其对生长性能、肝脏和肌肉（鱼肉）脂质含量及类别组成以及脂肪酸组成的影响。这些饲料还经过专门配制，以研究CLA的作用（如果有的话）是否更多地取决于饲料中CLA的绝对含量（占总饲料的百分比）或CLA与其他脂肪酸的相对水平。饲料中的CLA对鲑鱼幼鱼的生长参数或生物特征参数没有影响。然而，喂食CLA的鱼的肝脏和鱼肉中总脂质和三酰甘油含量有明显增加的趋势，特别是喂食高油饲料的鱼。最后，CLA被纳入组织脂质中，鱼肉中的含量比肝脏中的高2倍，但重要的是，肝脏中CLA的纳入是以饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸为代价的，而在鱼肉中则是以n-3HUFA为代价的。
