婴儿对遮挡和容纳事件认知的发展差异：来自动作任务的趋同证据
Décalage in infants' knowledge about occlusion and containment events: converging evidence from action tasks.
作者信息
Hespos Susan J, Baillargeon Renée
机构信息
Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Peabody College #512, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
出版信息
Cognition. 2006 Mar;99(2):B31-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2005.01.010. Epub 2005 Jun 6.
Abstract
In the present research, 6-month-old infants consistently searched for a tall toy behind a tall as opposed to a short occluder. However, when the same toy was hidden inside a tall or a short container, only older, 7.5-month-old infants searched for the tall toy inside the tall container. These and control results (1) confirm previous violation-of-expectation (VOE) findings of a décalage in infants' reasoning about height information in occlusion and containment events; (2) cast doubt on the suggestion that VOE tasks overestimate infants' cognitive abilities; and (3) support recent proposals that infants use their physical knowledge to guide their actions when task demands do not overwhelm their limited processing resources.
摘要
在本研究中，6个月大的婴儿始终会在高遮挡物后面寻找高玩具，而不是在矮遮挡物后面。然而，当同一个玩具被藏在高容器或矮容器里时，只有较大的7.5个月大的婴儿会在高容器里寻找高玩具。这些结果以及对照结果：（1）证实了先前违反预期（VOE）的研究发现，即婴儿在遮挡和容纳事件中对高度信息的推理存在发展迟缓；（2）对VOE任务高估婴儿认知能力的观点提出了质疑；（3）支持了最近的提议，即当任务要求没有超出婴儿有限的处理能力时，婴儿会利用他们的物理知识来指导自己的行动。
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