de Araujo Ivan E, Rolls Edmund T, Velazco Maria Inés, Margot Christian, Cayeux Isabelle
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, United Kingdom.
Neuron. 2005 May 19;46(4):671-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.04.021.
We showed how cognitive, semantic information modulates olfactory representations in the brain by providing a visual word descriptor, "cheddar cheese" or "body odor," during the delivery of a test odor (isovaleric acid with cheddar cheese flavor) and also during the delivery of clean air. Clean air labeled "air" was used as a control. Subjects rated the affective value of the test odor as significantly more unpleasant when labeled "body odor" than when labeled "cheddar cheese." In an event-related fMRI design, we showed that the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was significantly more activated by the test stimulus and by clean air when labeled "cheddar cheese" than when labeled "body odor," and the activations were correlated with the pleasantness ratings. This cognitive modulation was also found for the test odor (but not for the clean air) in the amygdala bilaterally.
我们通过在呈现测试气味（带有切达干酪风味的异戊酸）以及清洁空气的过程中提供视觉文字描述符“切达干酪”或“体臭”，展示了认知、语义信息如何调节大脑中的嗅觉表征。标记为“空气”的清洁空气用作对照。当测试气味标记为“体臭”时，受试者对其情感价值的评分显著高于标记为“切达干酪”时。在一项事件相关功能磁共振成像设计中，我们发现，与标记为“体臭”相比，当标记为“切达干酪”时，测试刺激和清洁空气在喙部前扣带回皮质（ACC）/内侧眶额皮质（OFC）引发的激活显著更强，且这些激活与愉悦度评分相关。在双侧杏仁核中，对于测试气味（而非清洁空气）也发现了这种认知调节。
