Vollmers H P, Brändlein S
Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Histol Histopathol. 2005 Jul;20(3):927-37. doi: 10.14670/HH-20.927.
Precancerous epithelial lesions are sites of uncontrolled cellular proliferation generated by irreversible genetic alterations. Not all of those lesions progress to invasive cancer, some may even regress, but the early detection of abnormal cells can be crucial for patient survival. Immune surveillance mechanisms are responsible for the removal of transformed cells and antibodies play an important role in these immune processes. In the past, analysis of the immunoglobuline repertoire has focused mainly on xenoimmunizations or the investigation of cancer patient immunity. The human hybridoma technology (Trioma technique) offers the unique possibility to study the humoral immunity of healthy people. Using this technique a series of tumor-binding antibodies could be isolated which all have several features in common: they are germ-line coded IgM antibodies, they predominantly bind to carbohydrates on post-transcriptionally modified antigens, they induce apoptosis and, most importantly, they detect not only malignant cells but also precursor stages. These data demonstrate that the body has a comprehensive defense system against malignant cells based on the production of natural antibodies.
癌前上皮病变是由不可逆的基因改变产生的细胞不受控制增殖的部位。并非所有这些病变都会发展为浸润性癌，有些甚至可能消退，但异常细胞的早期检测对患者生存至关重要。免疫监视机制负责清除转化细胞，抗体在这些免疫过程中发挥重要作用。过去，免疫球蛋白库的分析主要集中在异种免疫或癌症患者免疫的研究上。人杂交瘤技术（三瘤技术）为研究健康人的体液免疫提供了独特的可能性。使用该技术可以分离出一系列肿瘤结合抗体，它们都有几个共同特征：它们是种系编码的IgM抗体，它们主要结合转录后修饰抗原上的碳水化合物，它们诱导细胞凋亡，最重要的是，它们不仅能检测恶性细胞，还能检测前驱阶段。这些数据表明，机体基于天然抗体的产生对恶性细胞有一个全面的防御系统。
