Robert Richard C, Bacchetti Peter, Pogrel M Anthony
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0440, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Jun;63(6):732-5; discussion 736. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.02.006.
To estimate oral and maxillofacial surgery reporting of the frequency of temporary and permanent inferior alveolar and lingual nerve damage from lower third molar extraction and injury etiology, and to identify factors associated with injury rates.
A postal survey was sent to all members of the California Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons requesting information on known instances of inferior alveolar and lingual nerve damage that had occurred in their practices over a 12-month period and known instances of permanent damage over their entire careers.
Replies were obtained from 535 California Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (OMFS) representing 86% of all OMFS in California. Instances of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve in a 12-month period were reported by 94.5% of OMFS; 53% reported instances of lingual nerve injury in a 12-month period. Instances of permanent nerve injury of the inferior alveolar nerve were reported by 78% of OMFS; 46% reported permanent lingual nerve injury occurring during their professional lifetime. The overall estimated self-reported rate of injury was 4 per 1,000 lower third molar extractions for the inferior alveolar nerve and 1 per 1,000 extractions for the lingual nerve for all cases (temporary and permanent). In most cases (80%) of inferior alveolar nerve injury the cause was known, but in a majority of cases of lingual nerve injury (57%) the injury etiology was unknown. Self-reported rates of permanent injury were 1 per 2,500 lower third molar extractions for the inferior alveolar nerve and 1 per 10,000 lower third molar extractions for the lingual nerve. Injury rates were associated with provider experience (ie, extractions per year) and years in practice.
This survey included a high percentage of California OMFS. Injury to the inferior alveolar and lingual nerve was reported by most OMFS in California following lower third molar removal, and many reported cases of permanent nerve injury, frequently with unknown cause.
评估口腔颌面外科中关于下颌第三磨牙拔除导致的暂时性和永久性下牙槽神经及舌神经损伤的频率报告以及损伤病因，并确定与损伤率相关的因素。
向加利福尼亚口腔颌面外科协会的所有成员发送了一份邮政调查问卷，询问他们在过去12个月的执业过程中已知的下牙槽神经和舌神经损伤实例，以及整个职业生涯中已知的永久性损伤实例。
收到了535名加利福尼亚口腔颌面外科医生（OMFS）的回复，占加利福尼亚所有OMFS的86%。94.5%的OMFS报告了在12个月内下牙槽神经损伤的实例；53%报告了在12个月内舌神经损伤的实例。78%的OMFS报告了下牙槽神经永久性损伤的实例；46%报告了在其职业生涯中发生的永久性舌神经损伤。所有病例（暂时性和永久性）下牙槽神经损伤的总体自我报告损伤率为每1000例下颌第三磨牙拔除中有4例，舌神经损伤率为每1000例拔除中有1例。在下牙槽神经损伤的大多数病例（80%）中病因已知，但在舌神经损伤的大多数病例（57%）中损伤病因不明。下牙槽神经永久性损伤的自我报告率为每2500例下颌第三磨牙拔除中有1例，舌神经为每10000例下颌第三磨牙拔除中有1例。损伤率与医生经验（即每年的拔牙数）和执业年限相关。
本次调查涵盖了加利福尼亚州高比例的口腔颌面外科医生。加利福尼亚州的大多数口腔颌面外科医生报告了下颌第三磨牙拔除后下牙槽神经和舌神经的损伤，许多人报告了永久性神经损伤病例，且病因常常不明。
