McCann Stewart J H
Department of Psychology, Cape Breton University, P.O. Box 5300, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1P 6L2.
J Psychol. 2005 May;139(3):273-86. doi: 10.3200/JRLP.139.3.273-288.
In this study, the positive correlation between conscientiousness and death age discovered by H. S. Friedman et al. (1993, 1995) was replicated for 32 American presidents. Conscientiousness scores, using the Big Five variables produced by S. J. Rubenzer, T. R. Faschingbauer, and D. S. Ones (1996, 2000), were correlated with death age, r(30) = .41, p < .01, and the relationship was maintained with controls in a multiple regression framework. Smoking, drinking, and exercise, as assessed by J. R. Bumgarner (1994), were also correlated in the expected fashion with death age. Conscientiousness was correlated negatively with smoking and drinking, but openness to experience was correlated negatively with smoking and drinking to a higher degree and also was positively correlated with exercise. Openness, extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness were not correlated with death age, and extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness were not correlated with smoking, drinking or exercise.
在本研究中，H. S. 弗里德曼等人（1993年、1995年）发现的尽责性与死亡年龄之间的正相关关系，在32位美国总统身上得到了验证。使用S. J. 鲁本泽、T. R. 法申鲍尔和D. S. 奥内斯（1996年、2000年）得出的大五人格变量得出的尽责性得分，与死亡年龄相关，r(30) = 0.41，p < 0.01，并且在多元回归框架下，这种关系在加入控制变量后依然成立。J. R. 邦加纳（1994年）评估的吸烟、饮酒和锻炼情况，也与死亡年龄呈现出预期的相关性。尽责性与吸烟和饮酒呈负相关，但开放性与吸烟和饮酒的负相关性更强，并且与锻炼呈正相关。开放性、外向性、神经质和宜人性与死亡年龄无关，外向性、神经质和宜人性与吸烟、饮酒或锻炼也无关。
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