Ward Geoff, Avons S E, Melling Lindsay
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
Memory. 2005 Apr-May;13(3-4):308-17. doi: 10.1080/09658210344000279.
Four experiments investigated item and order memory for sequences of seen unfamiliar faces and heard nonwords. Experiments 1 and 3 found bowed serial position curves using the serial reconstruction test of order with faces and nonwords, respectively. Experiments 2 and 4 found limited recency, no primacy, and above chance performance on all items using a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) test of item recognition, again with faces and nonwords. These results suggest that the different serial position curves typically found using traditional paradigms for exploring visual and verbal short-term memory are due to differences in the methods used rather than modality-specific mechanisms.
四项实验研究了对所看到的陌生面孔序列和所听到的非词序列的项目及顺序记忆。实验1和实验3分别使用面孔和非词的顺序的序列重建测试，发现了弓形的系列位置曲线。实验2和实验4使用项目识别的二选一强制选择（2AFC）测试，同样对面孔和非词进行测试，发现近因效应有限、无首因效应，且所有项目的表现均高于随机水平。这些结果表明，使用传统范式探索视觉和言语短期记忆时通常发现的不同系列位置曲线，是由于所用方法的差异而非特定模态机制所致。
