Lange Elke B, Oberauer Klaus
University of Potsdam, Allgemeine Psychologie I, PO Box 60 15 53,14415 Potsdam, Germany.
Memory. 2005 Apr-May;13(3-4):333-9. doi: 10.1080/09658210344000378.
We tested two explanations of the phonological similarity effect in verbal short-term memory: The confusion hypothesis assumes that serial positions of similar items are confused. The overwriting hypothesis states that similar items share feature representations, which are overwritten. Participants memorised a phonologically dissimilar list of CVC-trigrams (Experiment 1) or words (Experiment 2 and 3) for serial recall. In the retention interval they read aloud other items. The material of the distractor task jointly overlapped one item of the memory list. The recall of this item was impaired, and the effect was not based on intrusions from the distractor task alone. The results provide evidence for feature overwriting as one potential mechanism contributing to the phonological similarity effect.
混淆假说认为相似项目的序列位置会被混淆。覆盖假说指出相似项目共享特征表征，这些特征表征会被覆盖。参与者记忆一串语音不相似的CVC三音节词列表（实验1）或单词（实验2和3）用于序列回忆。在保持间隔期间，他们大声朗读其他项目。干扰任务的材料与记忆列表中的一个项目共同重叠。该项目的回忆受到损害，且这种效应并非仅基于干扰任务中的侵入。结果为特征覆盖作为导致语音相似性效应的一种潜在机制提供了证据。
