Prymak Oleg, Bogdanski Denise, Köller Manfred, Esenwein Stefan A, Muhr Gert, Beckmann Felix, Donath Tilmann, Assad Michel, Epple Matthias
Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
Biomaterials. 2005 Oct;26(29):5801-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.02.029. Epub 2005 Apr 26.
Disks consisting of macroporous nickel-titanium alloy (NiTi, Nitinol, Actipore) are used as implants in clinical surgery, e.g. for fixation of spinal dysfunctions. The morphological properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by synchrotron radiation-based microtomography (SRmuCT). The composition was studied by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical properties were studied with temperature-dependent dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA). Studies on the biocompatibility were performed by co-incubation of porous NiTi samples with isolated peripheral blood leukocyte fractions (polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes, PMN; peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes, PBMC) in comparison with control cultures without NiTi samples. The cell adherence to the NiTi surface was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The activation of adherent leukocytes was analyzed by measurement of the released cytokines using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cytokine response of PMN (analyzed by the release of IL-1ra and IL-8) was not significantly different between cell cultures with or without NiTi. There was a significant increase in the release of IL-1ra (p<0.001), IL-6 (p<0.05), and IL-8 (p<0.05) from PBMC in the presence of NiTi samples. In contrast, the release of TNF-alpha by PBMC was not significantly elevated in the presence of NiTi. IL-2 was released from PBMC only in the range of the lower detection limit in all cell cultures. The material, clearly macroporous with an interconnecting porosity, consists of NiTi (martensite; monoclinic, and austenite; cubic) with small impurities of NiTi2 and possibly NiC(x). The material is not superelastic upon manual compression and shows a good biocompatibility.
由大孔镍钛合金（NiTi、镍钛诺、Actipore）制成的圆盘被用作临床手术中的植入物，例如用于固定脊柱功能障碍。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和基于同步辐射的微观断层扫描（SRmuCT）研究其形态学特性。通过X射线衍射法（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和能量色散X射线光谱法（EDX）研究其成分。通过与不含NiTi样品的对照培养物相比，将多孔NiTi样品与分离的外周血白细胞组分（多形核中性粒细胞，PMN；外周血单核白细胞，PBMC）共同孵育来进行生物相容性研究。通过荧光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析细胞对NiTi表面的粘附。通过使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量释放的细胞因子来分析粘附白细胞的活化。在有或没有NiTi的细胞培养物之间，PMN的细胞因子反应（通过IL-1ra和IL-8的释放来分析）没有显著差异。在存在NiTi样品的情况下，PBMC释放的IL-1ra（p<0.001）、IL-6（p<0.05）和IL-8（p<0.05）有显著增加。相比之下，在存在NiTi的情况下，PBMC释放的TNF-α没有显著升高。在所有细胞培养物中，PBMC仅在较低检测限范围内释放IL-2。该材料明显为大孔结构且具有相互连通的孔隙率，由NiTi（马氏体；单斜晶系，和奥氏体；立方晶系）以及少量NiTi2和可能的NiC(x)杂质组成。该材料在手动压缩时不具有超弹性，并且显示出良好的生物相容性。
