Singh B
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Intern Med J. 2005 Jul;35(7):413-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2005.00856.x.
Schizophrenia continues to remain one of the major unsolved conditions of our time, contributing significantly to causes of disability worldwide. Advances in neuroimaging have demonstrated that schizophrenia appears to be primarily a neurodevelopmental disorder. The dopamine theory of schizophrenia continues to hold sway but interest is growing in the role of other neurotransmitters. Genetic linkage studies continue to suggest that specific chromosomes have a role in the aetiology of the condition but the findings are, as yet, inconsistent. A new generation of drug therapies and reforms of the mental health system have meant that it is now possible to treat the majority of those with this condition in the community albeit, in some instances, against their will. The medical complications of both the disorder, the lifestyle changes resulting from the disorder and the new and older medications have come to prominence in recent years. The development of guidelines for treatment has the potential to reduce the variability in clinical practice that currently exists in the management of the condition.
精神分裂症仍然是我们这个时代尚未解决的主要病症之一，在全球致残原因中占很大比重。神经影像学的进展表明，精神分裂症似乎主要是一种神经发育障碍。精神分裂症的多巴胺理论仍然占主导地位，但人们对其他神经递质的作用越来越感兴趣。基因连锁研究继续表明特定染色体在该病症的病因中起作用，但目前的研究结果并不一致。新一代药物疗法和心理健康系统的改革意味着现在有可能在社区治疗大多数患有这种病症的人，尽管在某些情况下是违背他们意愿的。近年来，该病症的医学并发症、由该病症导致的生活方式改变以及新旧药物都日益凸显。治疗指南的制定有可能减少目前该病症管理中临床实践的差异。
