Burke J M, Miller J E, Brauer D K
Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center, USDA, ARS, Booneville, AR 72927, USA.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Aug 10;131(3-4):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.009.
The objective of the experiment was to determine the effectiveness of copper oxide wire particles (COWP) in pregnant ewes and safety to lambs. COWP have been used recently as an anthelmintic in small ruminants to overcome problems associated with nematode resistance to chemical dewormers. Doses of COWP (<or=4 g) have been used in lambs without clinical signs of copper toxicity. Use in pregnant ewes has not been examined. Mature Katahdin ewes were administered 0 (n=14), 2 (n=15), or 4 (n=15)g of COWP 33+/-1.6 days before lambing in late March 2004. Fecal egg counts (FEC) and blood packed cell volume (PCV) were determined between Days 0 (day of COWP administration) and 35. Lambs were weighed within 24h after birth, at 30 and 60 days of age, and in mid-September ( approximately 120 days of age). Blood was collected from lambs within 24h after birth and at 30 days of age for determination of the activity of the liver enzyme, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma. Within 7 days after COWP administration, FEC decreased by 1308 and 511 eggs/g (epg) in the 2 and 4 g groups, respectively, compared with an increase of 996 epg in the control group (P<0.02). PCV was similar among groups between Days 0 and 35. Lamb plasma AST activity at birth increased with increasing dose of COWP in dams (P<0.001). Plasma AST activity at 30 days of age was similar for lambs from ewes treated with 0 and 2g COWP, but was slightly greater in lambs from ewes treated with 4 g COWP (P<0.02). Birth weights decreased with increasing COWP (P<0.003). By 30 (COWPxbirth type, P<0.02) and 60 (COWPxbirth type, P<0.02) days of age, weight of multiple-born lambs decreased with increasing COWP, while weight of single-born lambs was similar among treatments. In mid-September ( approximately 120 days of age) weights of multiple-born lambs from ewes treated with 4 g COWP tended to be lightest compared with lambs from ewes treated with 0 or 2g COWP or single-born lambs (P<0.09). Lamb survival to 30, 60, or 120 days of age was not affected by COWP treatment to ewes. Administration of 4 g COWP to late pregnant ewes may negatively impact multiple-born offspring, but the 2g appears to be safe for production.
该实验的目的是确定氧化铜线颗粒（COWP）对怀孕母羊的有效性以及对羔羊的安全性。COWP最近已被用作小型反刍动物的驱虫剂，以克服与线虫对化学驱虫剂产生抗性相关的问题。已在羔羊中使用剂量≤4g的COWP，且未出现铜中毒的临床症状。但尚未对怀孕母羊使用COWP进行研究。2004年3月下旬，在产羔前33±1.6天，给成年卡他丁母羊分别投喂0g（n = 14）、2g（n = 15）或4g（n = 15）的COWP。在第0天（投喂COWP当天）至第35天期间测定粪便虫卵计数（FEC）和血液红细胞压积（PCV）。羔羊在出生后24小时内、30日龄和60日龄以及9月中旬（约120日龄）称重。在出生后24小时内和30日龄时从羔羊采集血液，用于测定血浆中肝酶天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）的活性。在投喂COWP后7天内，2g和4g组的FEC分别比对照组减少了1308和511个虫卵/克（epg），而对照组增加了996 epg（P<0.02）。在第0天至第35天期间，各组的PCV相似。羔羊出生时血浆AST活性随母羊投喂COWP剂量的增加而升高（P<0.001）。0g和2g COWP处理的母羊所产羔羊在30日龄时的血浆AST活性相似，但4g COWP处理的母羊所产羔羊的血浆AST活性略高（P<0.02）。出生体重随COWP剂量增加而降低（P< 0.003）。到30日龄（COWP×出生类型，P<0.02）和60日龄（COWP×出生类型，P<0.02）时，多胎羔羊的体重随COWP剂量增加而降低，而单胎羔羊在各处理间体重相似。在9月中旬（约120日龄），4g COWP处理的母羊所产多胎羔羊的体重与0g或2g COWP处理的母羊所产羔羊或单胎羔羊相比，往往最轻（P<0.09）。母羊投喂COWP对羔羊到30日龄、60日龄或120日龄时的存活率没有影响。给怀孕后期的母羊投喂4g COWP可能会对多胎后代产生负面影响，但2g似乎对生产是安全的。
