[Retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear: surgical procedures and results of the perfluorocarbon liquid-silicone oil exchange with scleral buckling].

INTRODUCTION

Anatomical and functional results of the treatment of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear have been markedly improved with the development of the vitrectomy procedure and especially the use of perfluorocarbon liquids. In this study, we report treatment results of retinal detachment associated with giant tear in 17 patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Our study included 17 patients (17 eyes), aged between 18 and 61 years, with retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear. The size of the tear was between 90 degrees and 220 degrees . Proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C was present in two eyes. Preoperative visual acuity ranged between 40/50 and light perception. All patients underwent scleral buckling, vitrectomy, perfluorocarbon liquid injection to flatten the retina, endophotocoagulation, cryoapplication and temporary silicone oil tamponade.

RESULTS

Mean follow-up was 20 months +/- 16. Recurrent retinal detachment occurred in five eyes under silicone oil and in two eyes after its removal. Anatomical success at final follow-up was obtained in 14 eyes (82.3%). Visual acuity improved in all cases with anatomical success in all but one. The most frequent postoperative complications were cataract in 10 cases among 12 phakic eyes and ocular hypertension in four cases.

CONCLUSION

Vitrectomy with internal silicone oil tamponade improves the anatomical and functional prognosis of retinal detachment associated with giant retinal tear. Recurrent retinal detachment is usually due to relapsing proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The most frequent postoperative complications remain lens opacification and ocular hypertension.