Pibernik-Okanovic M, Peros K, Szabo S, Begic D, Metelko Z
Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic, Zagreb, Croatia.
Diabet Med. 2005 Jul;22(7):942-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01528.x.
To determine the prevalence rate of and risk factors for depression in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients.
Depressive mood was examined in 384 randomly selected outpatients with Type 2 diabetes. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) were used to identify depressive disturbances. The groups with CES-D > or = 16 and < 16 were compared with respect to demographic, psychological and clinical characteristics. Regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for depression.
Of the examined patients, 22% had CES-D scores > or = 16, and in 33% of them clinical depression was confirmed by the psychiatric interview. Depressed patients compared with the non-depressed ones reported more diabetes-related problems and poorer well-being (t = 6.71, P < 0.001 and t = 11.98, P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analysis indicated female gender, experienced support and the level of emotional well-being to predict depression (R = 0.74, F = 15.3, P < 0.001).
The obtained data indicate that the prevalence rate in Croatian Type 2 diabetic patients is comparable to findings from other cultural settings. Depressive symptoms can be predicted by psychological rather than disease-related variables. Psychological care for diabetic patients may be necessary to prevent depressive symptomatology.
确定克罗地亚2型糖尿病患者抑郁症的患病率及危险因素。
对384例随机选取的2型糖尿病门诊患者进行抑郁情绪检查。采用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）和DSM-IV轴I障碍结构化临床访谈（SCID）来识别抑郁障碍。将CES-D评分≥16分和<16分的两组患者在人口统计学、心理和临床特征方面进行比较。采用回归分析确定抑郁症的危险因素。
在所检查的患者中，22%的患者CES-D评分≥16分，其中33%经精神科访谈确诊为临床抑郁症。与非抑郁症患者相比，抑郁症患者报告的糖尿病相关问题更多，幸福感更差（分别为t = 6.71，P < 0.001和t = 11.98，P < 0.001）。多元回归分析表明，女性、获得的支持和情绪幸福感水平可预测抑郁症（R = 0.74，F = 15.3，P < 0.001）。
所获得的数据表明，克罗地亚2型糖尿病患者的患病率与其他文化背景下的研究结果相当。抑郁症状可由心理变量而非疾病相关变量预测。可能有必要对糖尿病患者进行心理护理以预防抑郁症状。
