Swinkels W A M, Kuyk J, van Dyck R, Spinhoven Ph
Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands.
Epilepsy Behav. 2005 Aug;7(1):37-50. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.04.012.
Many studies on psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy have been performed using many different patient groups and diagnostic instruments. This methodological heterogeneity complicates comparison of the findings. In this article, psychiatric disorders in epilepsy are reviewed from the perspective of the DSM classification system. The empirical findings of axis I clinical disorders and axis II personality disorders are described separately. Furthermore, the existence and specificity of conditions such as interictal dysphoric disorder, interictal behavior syndrome, and psychosis of epilepsy are discussed. From the many studies that have been performed on this topic it can be learned that there is a need for well-controlled studies using representative patient groups and valid and standardized diagnostic instruments. So far, the majority of the studies have concerned axis I disorders; relatively little research has been performed on axis II personality disorders. More research on personality disorders, as well as on the relative contributions of the different (brain- and non-brain-related) factors to the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders, is recommended.
许多关于癫痫患者精神共病的研究采用了不同的患者群体和诊断工具。这种方法上的异质性使得研究结果的比较变得复杂。在本文中，我们从《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM）分类系统的角度对癫痫患者的精神障碍进行综述。分别描述了轴I临床障碍和轴II人格障碍的实证研究结果。此外，还讨论了发作间期烦躁症、发作间期行为综合征和癫痫性精神病等病症的存在情况及特异性。从针对该主题开展的众多研究中可以了解到，有必要使用具有代表性的患者群体以及有效且标准化的诊断工具进行严格对照研究。到目前为止，大多数研究都关注轴I障碍；对轴II人格障碍的研究相对较少。建议对人格障碍以及不同（与脑和非脑相关的）因素对癫痫与精神障碍之间关系的相对影响进行更多研究。
