Arancon N Q, Edwards C A, Bierman P
Soil Ecology Laboratory, The Ohio State University, 400 Aronoff Laboratory, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, 43210, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2006 Apr;97(6):831-40. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.016. Epub 2005 Jun 24.
The effects of applications of food waste and paper waste vermicomposts on some soil chemical and biological properties were evaluated in field plots planted with strawberries. Six-week old strawberries (Fragaria ananasa, var. Chandler) were transplanted into 4.5 m(2) raised beds under a plastic tunnel structure measuring 9.14 x 14.6 x 3.6 m. Vermicompost were applied at rates of 5 or 10 t ha(-1) supplemented with inorganic fertilizers to balance fertilizer recommendations for strawberries of 85-155-125 kg NPK ha(-1). Effects of vermicomposts on strawberry growth and yields have been reported previously [Arancon, N.Q., Edwards C.A., Bierman P., Welch, C., Metzger, J.D., 2004. The influence of vermicompost applications to strawberries: Part 1. Effects on growth and yield. Bioresource Technology 93:145-153]. Total extractable N, NH(4)-N, NO(3)-N and orthophosphates did not differ significantly between treatments, except on the last sampling date (harvest date) in which significantly greater amounts of NH(4)-N, NO(3)-N and orthophosphates (P <or= 0.05) were recorded in vermicompost-treated soils than in the controls. Two major results of vermicompost applications to soils were increases in dehydrogenase activity and microbial biomass-N which were not dose-dependent. Increased dehydrogenase activity and microbial biomass-N was correlated positively with the increased amounts of NH(4)-N, NO(3)-N and orthophosphates in the vermicompost-treated plots than in the controls. Increases in microbial populations and activities are key factors influencing rates of nutrient cycling, production of plant growth-regulating materials, and the build-up of plant resistance or tolerance to crop pathogen and nematode attacks.
在种植草莓的田间小区中，评估了施用食品废弃物和纸张废弃物蚯蚓堆肥对土壤某些化学和生物学性质的影响。六周龄的草莓（凤梨草莓，品种钱德勒）被移植到一个塑料大棚结构下的4.5平方米高畦中，该大棚尺寸为9.14×14.6×3.6米。以5或10吨/公顷的用量施用蚯蚓堆肥，并补充无机肥料，以平衡草莓推荐施肥量85 - 155 - 125千克氮磷钾/公顷。先前已报道了蚯蚓堆肥对草莓生长和产量的影响[阿兰孔，N.Q.，爱德华兹，C.A.，比尔曼，P.，韦尔奇，C.，梅茨格，J.D.，2004年。蚯蚓堆肥施用于草莓的影响：第1部分。对生长和产量的影响。生物资源技术93:145 - 153]。除了在最后一次采样日期（收获日期）外，各处理之间的总可提取氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和正磷酸盐没有显著差异，在该日期，蚯蚓堆肥处理的土壤中记录到的铵态氮、硝态氮和正磷酸盐含量显著高于对照（P≤0.05）。向土壤施用蚯蚓堆肥的两个主要结果是脱氢酶活性和微生物生物量氮增加，且不依赖于剂量。脱氢酶活性和微生物生物量氮的增加与蚯蚓堆肥处理小区中铵态氮、硝态氮和正磷酸盐含量的增加呈正相关，高于对照小区。微生物种群和活性的增加是影响养分循环速率、植物生长调节物质产生以及植物对作物病原体和线虫攻击的抗性或耐受性增强的关键因素。
