Tejada M, Hernandez M T, Garcia C
Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, E.U.I.T.A. Universidad de Sevilla, Crta de Utrera km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
J Environ Qual. 2006 May 31;35(4):1010-7. doi: 10.2134/jeq2005.0460. Print 2006 Jul-Aug.
One method for recovering degraded soils in semiarid regions is to add organic matter to improve soil characteristics, thereby enhancing biogeochemical nutrient cycling. In this paper, we studied the changes in soil biological properties as a result of adding a crushed cotton gin compost (CCGC) and a poultry manure (PM) for 4 yr to restore a Xerollic Calciorthid located near Seville (Guadalquivir Valley, Andalusia, Spain). Organic wastes were applied at rates of 5, 7.5, and 10 Mg organic matter ha(-1). One year after the assay began, spontaneous vegetation had appeared in the treated plots, particularly in that receiving a high PM and CCGC dose. After 4 yr, the plant cover in these treated plots was around 88 and 79%, respectively, compared with 5% for the control. The effects on soil microbial biomass and six soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, urease, BBA-protease, beta-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities) were ascertained. Both added organic wastes had a positive effect on the biological properties of the soil, although at the end of the experimental period and at high dosage, soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities were generally higher in the PM-amended soils compared to the CCGC-amended soils. Enzyme activity from the PM-amended soil was 5, 15, 13, 19, 22, 30, and 6% greater than CCGC-amended soil for soil microbial biomass, urease, BBA-protease, beta-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase, and dehydrogenase activities, respectively. After 4 yr, the percentage of plant cover was > 48% in all treated plots and 5% in the control.
恢复半干旱地区退化土壤的一种方法是添加有机物质以改善土壤特性，从而增强生物地球化学养分循环。在本文中，我们研究了添加碎轧花机废料堆肥（CCGC）和家禽粪便（PM）4年后土壤生物学特性的变化，以恢复位于塞维利亚附近（西班牙安达卢西亚瓜达尔基维尔河谷）的一种干旱钙积正常土。有机废物的施用量分别为5、7.5和10 Mg有机物质·公顷⁻¹。试验开始一年后，处理过的地块出现了自然植被，尤其是接受高剂量PM和CCGC的地块。4年后，这些处理过的地块的植被覆盖率分别约为88%和79%，而对照地块为5%。测定了对土壤微生物生物量和六种土壤酶活性（脱氢酶、脲酶、BBA蛋白酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和碱性磷酸酶活性）的影响。两种添加的有机废物都对土壤生物学特性有积极影响，尽管在试验期结束时且在高剂量下，与CCGC改良土壤相比，PM改良土壤中的土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性总体上更高。对于土壤微生物生物量、脲酶、BBA蛋白酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和脱氢酶活性，PM改良土壤的酶活性分别比CCGC改良土壤高5%、15%、13%、19%、22%、30%和6%。4年后，所有处理地块的植被覆盖率均>48%，对照地块为5%。
