Sepaniak S, Forges T, Monnier-Barbarino P
Centre d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Maternité Régionale et Universitaire A.-Pinard, 10, rue du Docteur-Heydenreich, 54042 Nancy Cedex.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2005 Apr;34 Spec No 1:3S102-11.
The different studies conducted over the last fifteen years on the consequences of cigarette smoking on male fertility have shown a decrease of sperm quality in smokers. In fact, the components of cigarette smoke pass through the blood-testis barrier and thus induce an alteration of sperm parameters and nucleus quality of the spermatozoa. Beyond this decrease of sperm quality, cigarette smoking also appears to have an impact on the smoker's offspring: lower embryo quality, increased risks to develop a childhood cancer. The pathophysiologic mechanisms are not yet clearly understood, but one of the most likely hypotheses is the production of an oxidative stress which is responsible for DNA fragmentation compromising the chances of pregnancy. In addition to the spermogram, further tests available in specialized laboratories can be prescribed to evaluate spermatozoal DNA fragmentation (TUNEL Assay, SCSA...). Antioxidant treatment can be administrated to reduce DNA fragmentation and increase the chances of pregnancy.
在过去十五年里，针对吸烟对男性生育能力影响所开展的不同研究表明，吸烟者的精子质量会下降。事实上，香烟烟雾的成分会穿过血睾屏障，从而导致精子参数改变以及精子细胞核质量下降。除了精子质量下降外，吸烟似乎还会对吸烟者的后代产生影响：胚胎质量降低，患儿童癌症的风险增加。病理生理机制尚未完全明确，但最有可能的假说之一是产生氧化应激，这会导致DNA碎片化，从而降低受孕几率。除了精液分析外，还可以在专业实验室进行进一步检测，以评估精子DNA碎片化情况（TUNEL检测、精子染色质结构分析……）。可以进行抗氧化治疗以减少DNA碎片化并增加受孕几率。
