Tokuda Y
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, 208-3 Miyasato, Gushikawa city, Okinawa, 904-2293 Japan.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2005 Jul-Aug;9(4):272-6.
Okinawa is well known as the leading area for longevity and people in Okinawan islands are known to have the lowest risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Reasons for this particularly low IHD risk among Okinawans are unclear. Since most studies about IHD risk factors have been based on population in Western nations and their findings may not apply to Okinawans, a hospital-based case-control study was conducted at a community hospital in Okinawa.
To assess the relative importance of risk factors for IHD among the people in Okinawa, 205 Okinawan patients who had acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 205 age-and-gender matched control were analyzed.
The most important risk factor of AMI was current cigarette smoking. History of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were also independent risk factors. Of lipid profile, lower concentrations of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and higher serum triglyceride (TG) were independent risk factors while, in contrary, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol and uric acid were not associated with AMI.
To effectively prevent IHD among Okinawans, smoking cessation and treatment of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (high TG and low HDL) are important. However, lowering LDL cholesterol may be not.
冲绳作为长寿的主要地区而闻名，冲绳诸岛的居民患缺血性心脏病（IHD）的风险最低。冲绳人IHD风险特别低的原因尚不清楚。由于大多数关于IHD危险因素的研究都是基于西方国家的人群，其研究结果可能不适用于冲绳人，因此在冲绳的一家社区医院进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究。
为了评估冲绳人群中IHD危险因素的相对重要性，分析了205名患有急性心肌梗死（AMI）的冲绳患者和205名年龄及性别匹配的对照者。
AMI最重要的危险因素是当前吸烟。糖尿病和高血压病史也是独立的危险因素。在血脂谱方面，血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇浓度较低和血清甘油三酯（TG）较高是独立的危险因素，相反，血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和尿酸与AMI无关。
为有效预防冲绳人患IHD，戒烟以及治疗高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常（高TG和低HDL）很重要。然而，降低LDL胆固醇可能并非如此。
