Lorefält B, Wissing U, Unosson M
Department of Medicine and Care, Division of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2005 Jul-Aug;9(4):243-7.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate if smaller but energy and protein enriched meals could improve energy and nutrient intakes in elderly geriatric patients. Ten patients, between 77 and 87 years of age were included in the study, performed at a Geriatric rehabilitation ward. The first week after inclusion, the patients were offered a three days' standard hospital menu and the second week, a three days' energy and protein-enriched menu. The consumption of food and the fluid intake were recorded using a pre-coded food record book during both the menus and analysed by the Swedish National Food Administration. The patients' energy requirements were calculated according to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendation for elderly subjects. When the standard hospital menu was offered, six patients had lower energy intake, -67 to -674 kcal/day, than the calculated energy requirements. The daily energy intake increased by 37 %, with the energy and protein-enriched menu compared with the standard hospital menu. Furthermore, the daily intake of protein, fat, carbohydrate, certain vitamins and minerals was significantly higher with the energy and protein-enriched menu compared with the standard hospital menu.
This study showed that the intake of energy and nutrients increased with the energy and protein-enriched menu in elderly patients on a geriatric rehabilitation ward.
本研究的目的是调查能量和蛋白质含量更高但分量更小的餐食是否能改善老年患者的能量和营养摄入。本研究纳入了10名年龄在77至87岁之间的患者，研究在老年康复病房进行。纳入后的第一周，为患者提供为期三天的标准医院菜单，第二周提供为期三天的能量和蛋白质强化菜单。在两种菜单期间，使用预先编码的食物记录册记录食物消耗和液体摄入量，并由瑞典国家食品管理局进行分析。根据北欧老年人营养建议计算患者的能量需求。提供标准医院菜单时，6名患者的能量摄入量低于计算出的能量需求，为每天 -67至 -674千卡。与标准医院菜单相比，能量和蛋白质强化菜单使每日能量摄入量增加了37%。此外，与标准医院菜单相比，能量和蛋白质强化菜单的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、某些维生素和矿物质的每日摄入量显著更高。
本研究表明，老年康复病房中，能量和蛋白质强化菜单使老年患者的能量和营养摄入量增加。
