Slade Pauline, Laxton-Kane Martha, Spiby Helen
Clinical Psychology, Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TP, UK.
Addict Behav. 2006 May;31(5):743-57. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.05.055. Epub 2005 Jun 27.
This study investigated whether pregnant smokers demonstrated cognitive and behavioural patterns hypothesised to underpin the different stages of change (SOC) and whether fetal attachment varied according to this process. A cross-sectional design with women categorised by SOC was used and the sample was recruited from hospital maternity services in the U. K at their booking clinics with a mean gestation of 14 weeks. Experiential and behavioural processes together with self-efficacy and attachment to the fetus were measured in 637 women. As predicted by the transthoretical model experiential processes were used mostly by women in contemplation and preparation; behavioural processes mostly by women in preparation and action. However, self-efficacy remained constant between pre-contemplation, contemplation and preparation, but women in action showed significantly higher levels. Women in preparation were significantly more attached to the fetus than women in pre-contemplation and never smokers. The relevance of the transtheoretical model with pregnant smokers is supported. Foetal attachment may be differentially associated with different SOC in smoking cessation and yield potential for the development of new interventions.
本研究调查了孕期吸烟女性是否表现出被认为是支撑不同改变阶段（SOC）的认知和行为模式，以及胎儿依恋是否会根据这一过程而有所不同。采用了一种横断面设计，将女性按SOC进行分类，样本从英国医院产科服务机构的预约诊所招募，平均孕周为14周。对637名女性测量了体验和行为过程以及自我效能感和对胎儿的依恋。如跨理论模型所预测的，体验过程主要被处于思考和准备阶段的女性所采用；行为过程主要被处于准备和行动阶段的女性所采用。然而，自我效能感在未考虑、考虑和准备阶段之间保持不变，但处于行动阶段的女性表现出显著更高的水平。处于准备阶段的女性比未考虑阶段的女性和从不吸烟的女性对胎儿的依恋明显更强。跨理论模型与孕期吸烟女性的相关性得到了支持。胎儿依恋可能与戒烟中的不同SOC存在差异关联，并为新干预措施的开发提供了潜力。
