Khamly Kenneth, Jefford Michael, Michael Michael, Zalcberg John
Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victoria 8006, Australia.
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2005 Jun;14(6):607-28. doi: 10.1517/13543784.14.6.607.
Worldwide, colorectal cancer is a common cancer and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients frequently present with, or later develop, metastatic disease. Median survival with supportive care alone is approximately 6 - 8 months. However, a number of recent developments have greatly increased the range of therapeutic options, improving median survival to > 20 months. Cytotoxic agents such as capecitabine, irinotecan and oxaliplatin are now established treatment strategies. In parallel, an improved understanding of tumour biology has led to the development of non-cytotoxic targeted therapies. Examples include bevacizumab (targeting tumour angiogenesis) and cetuximab (targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor). These agents have recently been incorporated into standard management. This paper reviews these and other advances in the care of patients with advanced colorectal cancer and discusses a number of agents that are currently under development.
在全球范围内，结直肠癌是一种常见癌症，也是发病和死亡的主要原因。患者常常初诊时就已出现或之后会发展为转移性疾病。仅接受支持性治疗时的中位生存期约为6 - 8个月。然而，最近的一些进展极大地增加了治疗选择范围，将中位生存期提高到了超过20个月。诸如卡培他滨、伊立替康和奥沙利铂等细胞毒性药物如今已成为既定的治疗策略。与此同时，对肿瘤生物学认识的提高促使了非细胞毒性靶向治疗的发展。例如贝伐单抗（靶向肿瘤血管生成）和西妥昔单抗（靶向表皮生长因子受体）。这些药物最近已被纳入标准治疗方案。本文综述了晚期结直肠癌患者护理方面的这些及其他进展，并讨论了一些目前正在研发的药物。
