Maia Tiago V, Cleeremans Axel
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2005 Aug;9(8):397-404. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2005.06.016.
Over the past decade, many findings in cognitive neuroscience have resulted in the view that selective attention, working memory and cognitive control involve competition between widely distributed representations. This competition is biased by top-down projections (notably from prefrontal cortex), which can selectively enhance some representations over others. This view has now been implemented in several connectionist models. In this review, we emphasize the relevance of these models to understanding consciousness. Interestingly, the models we review have striking similarities to others directly aimed at implementing 'global workspace theory'. All of these models embody a fundamental principle that has been used in many connectionist models over the past twenty years: global constraint satisfaction.
在过去十年中，认知神经科学的许多研究结果导致了这样一种观点，即选择性注意、工作记忆和认知控制涉及广泛分布的表征之间的竞争。这种竞争受到自上而下投射（特别是来自前额叶皮层的投射）的影响，这些投射可以选择性地增强某些表征而抑制其他表征。现在，这种观点已在多个联结主义模型中得以体现。在本综述中，我们强调这些模型对于理解意识的相关性。有趣的是，我们所综述的模型与其他直接旨在实现“全局工作空间理论”的模型有着惊人的相似之处。所有这些模型都体现了一个在过去二十年中被许多联结主义模型所采用的基本原则：全局约束满足。
