Sullivan Joe H
Department of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2005 Oct;137(3):380-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2005.01.029.
Approximately 35 species representing 14 tree genera have been evaluated for responses to UV-B radiation in North America. The best representation has been in the conifers where some 20 species representing three genera have been studied. Overall, about 1/3 of these have demonstrated some deleterious response to UV-B. However, most negative impacts have been observed under controlled environment conditions where sensitivity may be enhanced. Therefore, it seems unlikely that expected levels of ozone depletion will result in direct losses in productivity. However, the role that ambient or enhanced levels of UV-B may play in forest ecosystem processes is more difficult to access. One possible indirect response of forests to changes in UV-B radiation levels could be via alterations in plant secondary metabolites. Increases in phenolics and flavonoids that enhance epidermal UV-screening effectiveness may also influence leaf development, water relations or ecosystem processes such as plant-herbivore interactions or decomposition.
在北美，已经对代表14个树种属的约35个物种进行了紫外线B辐射响应评估。针叶树方面的研究最为充分，已经对代表三个属的约20个物种进行了研究。总体而言，其中约三分之一已表现出对紫外线B的某种有害反应。然而，大多数负面影响是在受控环境条件下观察到的，在这种条件下敏感性可能会增强。因此，预计的臭氧消耗水平似乎不太可能导致生产力的直接损失。然而，环境中或增强的紫外线B水平在森林生态系统过程中可能发挥的作用更难评估。森林对紫外线B辐射水平变化的一种可能间接反应可能是通过植物次生代谢产物的改变。增强表皮紫外线屏蔽效果的酚类和黄酮类化合物的增加也可能影响叶片发育、水分关系或生态系统过程，如植物与食草动物的相互作用或分解。
