Sadeghianrizi Akbar, Forsberg Carl-Magnus, Marcus Claude, Dahllöf Göran
Karolinska Institute, Institute of Odontology and Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Sweden.
Eur J Orthod. 2005 Dec;27(6):550-5. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cji048. Epub 2005 Jul 11.
The purpose of this study was to investigate craniofacial morphology in obese adolescents and to compare the morphological data with those of normal adolescents. The study was based on measurements of lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of adolescents who had been diagnosed as obese. Linear and angular measurements were obtained from cephalometric tracings of 27 females (mean age 15.6 +/- 0.83 years) and 23 males (mean age 13.9 +/- 0.98 years). The data were compared with corresponding measurements of gender and age matched controls. The results showed that both males and females in the obesity group exhibited significantly larger mandibular and maxillary dimensions than the controls. On average, mandibular length (Cd-Pgn) was 10 mm greater in males and 8 mm greater in females. Maxillary length (Pm-A) was 3.5 mm greater in males and 3 mm greater in females. When considering vertical dimensions, lower anterior (Ans-Gn) and posterior (S-Go) face height were 4 and 5 mm greater in the obese males, respectively, while in the obese females both these distances were 4 mm greater compared with the controls. Both maxillary (SNA) and mandibular (SNB, SNPg) prognathism were more pronounced in the obesity group than in the control group. This also influenced the average soft tissue profile, which was less convex in the obesity groups. The mandibular plane angle (ML/SN) was smaller in the obesity group than in the control group. Craniofacial morphology differs between obese and normal adolescents. In general, obesity was associated with bimaxillary prognathism and relatively greater facial measurements.
本研究的目的是调查肥胖青少年的颅面形态，并将形态学数据与正常青少年的数据进行比较。该研究基于对已被诊断为肥胖的青少年的头颅侧位X线片测量。从27名女性（平均年龄15.6 +/- 0.83岁）和23名男性（平均年龄13.9 +/- 0.98岁）的头颅测量描记图中获得线性和角度测量值。将这些数据与性别和年龄匹配的对照组的相应测量值进行比较。结果显示，肥胖组的男性和女性下颌骨和上颌骨尺寸均明显大于对照组。平均而言，男性下颌骨长度（Cd-Pgn）比对照组大10毫米，女性大8毫米。男性上颌骨长度（Pm-A）比对照组大3.5毫米，女性大3毫米。在考虑垂直尺寸时，肥胖男性的下颌前部（Ans-Gn）和后部（S-Go）面高分别比对照组大4毫米和5毫米，而肥胖女性的这两个距离均比对照组大4毫米。肥胖组的上颌前突（SNA）和下颌前突（SNB、SNPg）均比对照组更明显。这也影响了平均软组织轮廓，肥胖组的软组织轮廓不那么凸。肥胖组的下颌平面角（ML/SN）比对照组小。肥胖青少年与正常青少年的颅面形态不同。一般来说，肥胖与双颌前突和相对较大的面部测量值有关。
