Redelings Matthew D, Frye Douglas M, Sorvillo Frank
Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, CA, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005 Aug 1;39(4):496-8. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000153425.38453.ad.
This study examined HIV-associated mortality in infants and in women of childbearing age (15-44 years) in the United States from 1990-2001. HIV-associated deaths were identified from national vital records using multiple cause-of-death data. HIV-associated mortality was higher in black and Hispanic women than in white women (rate ratio(black) = 13.5, 95% CI = 13.2-13.8; rate ratio(Hispanic) = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.9-3.2). Racial/ethnic trends in infant mortality rates from HIV reflected trends observed in women (rate ratio(black) = 16.3, 95% CI = 13.5-19.7; rate ratio(Hispanic) = 3.4, 95% CI = 3.3-3.5). HIV-associated mortality decreased in infants and in women of childbearing age following the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy, but the decrease was considerably less marked in black women than in women of other racial/ethnic groups. Our findings indicate the need for increased emphasis on prevention of HIV mortality in black and Hispanic women and infants. Reduction of HIV prevalence in young women may also prevent infant mortality from HIV by reducing mother-to-child transmission.
本研究调查了1990年至2001年美国婴儿及育龄妇女（15 - 44岁）中与艾滋病病毒（HIV）相关的死亡率。利用多死因数据从国家生命记录中识别出与HIV相关的死亡。黑人及西班牙裔妇女的HIV相关死亡率高于白人妇女（率比（黑人）= 13.5，95%置信区间 = 13.2 - 13.8；率比（西班牙裔）= 2.4，95%置信区间 = 1.9 - 3.2）。婴儿HIV死亡率的种族/族裔趋势反映了在妇女中观察到的趋势（率比（黑人）= 16.3，95%置信区间 = 13.5 - 19.7；率比（西班牙裔）= 3.4，95%置信区间 = 3.3 - 3.5）。在高效抗逆转录病毒疗法可用后，婴儿及育龄妇女中与HIV相关的死亡率有所下降，但黑人妇女的下降幅度明显小于其他种族/族裔的妇女。我们的研究结果表明，需要更加重视预防黑人及西班牙裔妇女和婴儿的HIV死亡。降低年轻女性中的HIV流行率也可能通过减少母婴传播来预防婴儿的HIV死亡。
