凤凰号——首个火星侦察任务。

Phoenix--the first Mars Scout mission.

作者信息

Shotwell Robert

机构信息

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA.

出版信息

Acta Astronaut. 2005 Jul-Oct;57(2-8):121-34. doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.03.038.

DOI:10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.03.038

PMID:16010756

Abstract

NASA has initiated the first of a new series of missions to augment the current Mars Program. In addition to the systematic series of planned, directed missions currently comprising the Mars Program plan, NASA has started a series of Mars Scout missions that are low cost, price fixed, Principal [correction of Principle] Investigator-led projects. These missions are intended to provide an avenue for rapid response to discoveries made as a result of the primary Mars missions, as well as allow more risky technologies and approaches to be applied in the investigation of Mars. The first in this new series is the Phoenix mission which was selected as part of a highly competitive process. Phoenix will use the Mars 2001 Lander that was discontinued in 2000 and apply a new set of science objectives and mission objectives and will validate this soft lander architecture for future applications. This paper will provide an overview of both the Program and the Project.

摘要

美国国家航空航天局（NASA）已启动了一系列新任务中的首个任务，以扩充当前的火星计划。除了目前构成火星计划的一系列系统的、有计划的、定向任务外，NASA还启动了一系列火星探索者任务，这些任务是低成本、价格固定、由首席研究员主导的项目。这些任务旨在为对主要火星任务所取得的发现做出快速反应提供一条途径，同时也允许在火星探测中应用更具风险的技术和方法。这个新系列中的首个任务是“凤凰”号任务，它是在一个竞争激烈的过程中被选中的。“凤凰”号将使用2000年停用的“火星2001着陆器”，并应用一套新的科学目标和任务目标，还将验证这种软着陆器架构以供未来使用。本文将概述该计划和该项目。