Kraiczy Peter, Würzner Reinhard
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 40, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany.
Mol Immunol. 2006 Jan;43(1-2):31-44. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.06.016.
Pathogenic micro-organisms employ a broad range of strategies to survive in and to persistently infect the human host. Far from being completely understood by which highly sophisticated means invading pathogens overcome the host's destructive immune defence, there is a growing body of evidence on particular mechanisms which play a pivotal role for immune evasion. This review focuses on evasion of medically and scientifically important bacteria by acquisition of host derived fluid-phase complement regulatory proteins, in particular factor H, FHL-1, and C4b binding protein. Expression of microbial surface molecules binding to human complement regulators and thus fixing them in a functionally active state allows pathogens to inhibit and finely regulate complement activation directly on their surface. Further studies on the utilization of host complement regulatory proteins will likely have a marked impact on a more efficient and specific clinical treatment.
致病微生物采用多种策略在人类宿主中生存并持续感染。入侵病原体通过何种高度复杂的手段克服宿主具有破坏性的免疫防御，目前远未完全明了，但越来越多的证据表明，某些特定机制在免疫逃逸中起着关键作用。本综述聚焦于医学和科学上重要的细菌通过获取宿主来源的液相补体调节蛋白（特别是因子H、FHL-1和C4b结合蛋白）来实现免疫逃逸。与人类补体调节蛋白结合并使其处于功能活性状态的微生物表面分子的表达，使病原体能够直接在其表面抑制并精细调节补体激活。对宿主补体调节蛋白利用情况的进一步研究可能会对更高效、更特异的临床治疗产生显著影响。
