Trezel Pauline, Guérin Mickaël, Da Ponte Hugo, Maffucci Irene, Octave Stéphane, Avalle Bérangère, Padiolleau-Lefèvre Séverine
Unité de Génie Enzymatique Et Cellulaire (GEC), CNRS UMR 7025, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 60203, Compiègne, France.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jul 1;109(1):156. doi: 10.1007/s00253-025-13490-6.
Spirochetes of the genus Borrelia are the causative agents of vector-borne diseases, including Lyme borreliosis (LB). Clinical LB diagnosis is challenging due to the heterogeneous and nonspecific symptoms among patients further complicated by the potential for co-infection with Borrelia species and other pathogens. Current diagnosis is based on an indirect serological approach with limitations such as early-stage low sensitivity and cross reactivity. This review explores the potential of Borrelia surface proteins as biomarkers for a more accurate diagnosis of LB, with a particular interest in proteins involved in (i) tissue adhesion, essential for host colonization, (ii) antigenic variation, and (iii) immune evasion. By detailing the role of the distinct surface proteins, the review highlights their potential as biomarkers in order to improve the detection of LB, particularly in the early stages. In addition to their diagnostic value, they also represent potential targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. KEYPOINTS: • Various Borrelia surface proteins drive host colonization and immune evasion. • Novel bacterial proteins biomarkers are needed for improved diagnosis and therapy. • State of the art on Borrelia surface proteins and their associated role.
疏螺旋体属的螺旋体是包括莱姆病（LB）在内的媒介传播疾病的病原体。临床诊断莱姆病具有挑战性，因为患者症状具有异质性且不具特异性，而且还可能同时感染其他疏螺旋体物种和病原体，使情况更加复杂。目前的诊断基于间接血清学方法，存在诸如早期敏感性低和交叉反应性等局限性。本综述探讨了疏螺旋体表面蛋白作为生物标志物用于更准确诊断莱姆病的潜力，尤其关注参与以下方面的蛋白质：（i）组织黏附，这对宿主定殖至关重要；（ii）抗原变异；以及（iii）免疫逃避。通过详细阐述不同表面蛋白的作用，本综述强调了它们作为生物标志物以改善莱姆病检测的潜力，特别是在疾病早期。除了其诊断价值外，它们还代表了开发新治疗策略的潜在靶点。要点：• 多种疏螺旋体表面蛋白驱动宿主定殖和免疫逃避。• 需要新型细菌蛋白生物标志物以改善诊断和治疗。• 疏螺旋体表面蛋白及其相关作用的最新进展。
