Senyuva H Z, Gilbert J, Ozcan S, Ulken U
Ankara Test and Analysis Laboratory, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, Ankara 06330, Turkey.
J Food Prot. 2005 Jul;68(7):1512-5. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1512.
A survey was carried out to determine the co-occurrence of ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 in dried figs from Turkey. Samples from two seasons of crops (2003 and 2004) intended for export to the European Union and the 2004 crop obtained from the domestic Turkish market were analyzed. Affinity column cleanup methods were employed for determining separately ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1, but for ochratoxin A an alkaline extraction procedure was employed (in contrast to the conventionally employed acidic extraction), which gave consistently higher toxin recovery. In-house validation of the ochratoxin A method gave a limit of detection of 0.15 ng/g and a limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/g with a repeatability of 5.8% in the range 5 to 10 ng/g (with a mean recovery of 94% for spiked samples). Positive results for ochratoxin A were confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. For the 2003 export figs (58 samples), 7 samples contained only aflatoxin B1, 2 samples contained only ochratoxin A, and 2 samples contained both toxins (with maximum concentrations of 35.1 ng/g for aflatoxin B1 and 13.0 ng/g for ochratoxin A). Similarly for the 2004 export figs (41 samples), 16 samples contained only aflatoxin B1, 4 samples contained only ochratoxin A, and 2 samples contained both toxins (with maximum concentrations of 20.6 ng/g for aflatoxin B1 and 26.3 ng/g for ochratoxin A). Of 20 retail samples of dried figs from Turkey, only one sample contained ochratoxin A (2.0 ng/g) and none were contaminated with aflatoxin B1. This survey revealed a 14 to 15% incidence of occurrence of ochratoxin A for 2 years, which is higher than previously reported.
开展了一项调查，以确定土耳其无花果干中赭曲霉毒素A和黄曲霉毒素B1的共存情况。分析了两季用于出口到欧盟的作物（2003年和2004年）的样品以及从土耳其国内市场获得的2004年作物样品。采用亲和柱净化方法分别测定赭曲霉毒素A和黄曲霉毒素B1，但对于赭曲霉毒素A采用了碱性提取程序（与常规使用的酸性提取相反），该方法能持续获得更高的毒素回收率。赭曲霉毒素A方法的内部验证得出检测限为0.15 ng/g，定量限为0.5 ng/g，在5至10 ng/g范围内的重复性为5.8%（加标样品的平均回收率为94%）。赭曲霉毒素A的阳性结果通过液相色谱 - 质谱法确认。对于2003年出口的无花果（58个样品），7个样品仅含有黄曲霉毒素B1，2个样品仅含有赭曲霉毒素A，2个样品同时含有两种毒素（黄曲霉毒素B1的最大浓度为35.1 ng/g，赭曲霉毒素A的最大浓度为13.0 ng/g）。同样，对于2004年出口的无花果（41个样品），16个样品仅含有黄曲霉毒素B1，4个样品仅含有赭曲霉毒素A，2个样品同时含有两种毒素（黄曲霉毒素B1的最大浓度为20.6 ng/g，赭曲霉毒素A的最大浓度为26.3 ng/g）。在20个土耳其无花果干零售样品中，只有一个样品含有赭曲霉毒素A（2.0 ng/g），没有一个样品被黄曲霉毒素B1污染。这项调查显示，两年中赭曲霉毒素A的发生率为14%至15%，高于先前报道的水平。
