Senyuva H Z, Gilbert J, Ulken U
Ankara Test and Analysis Laboratory, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, Ankara 06330, Turkey.
J Food Prot. 2007 Apr;70(4):1029-32. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-70.4.1029.
Dried figs for export from Turkey from crop years 2003 through 2006 were tested for aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins. For export to the European Union, consignments of 0.5 to 10 tonnes of dried figs were sampled according to European Commission regulations, and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine concentrations of aflatoxins Bl, B2, G1, and G2. For each consignment of dried figs, a 30-kg sample (comprising 100 subsamples) was divided into three 10-kg subsamples, which were separately blended and analyzed with HPLC. This monitoring effort was conducted for figs from 2003, 2004, 2005, and up to June 2006, for a total of 10,396 30-kg samples (28,489 analyses). The incidence of contamination with aflatoxin B1 at higher than 2 ng/g was on average 0.6, 2.0, 4.0, and 2.4% for 2003, 2004, 2005, and up to June 2006, respectively, whereas contamination with total aflatoxins at higher than 4 ng/g was 2.6, 3.0, 5.1, and 2.7%. There was significant variability in contamination between replicate 1-kg samples, indicating small numbers of individual contaminated figs were probably responsible. There were also substantial differences in the relative proportions of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 among samples, suggesting different contributing fungal sources.
对2003年至2006年收获季土耳其出口的干无花果进行了黄曲霉毒素B1和总黄曲霉毒素检测。对于出口到欧盟的货物，根据欧盟委员会的规定，对0.5至10吨的干无花果货物进行抽样，并用高压液相色谱法（HPLC）测定黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2的浓度。对于每批干无花果，将一个30千克的样品（由100个亚样品组成）分成三个10千克的亚样品，分别混合并用HPLC分析。这项监测工作针对2003年、2004年、2005年以及截至2006年6月的无花果进行，总共检测了10396个30千克的样品（28489次分析）。2003年、2004年、2005年以及截至2006年6月，黄曲霉毒素B1污染率高于2纳克/克的平均发生率分别为0.6%、2.0%、4.0%和2.4%，而总黄曲霉毒素污染率高于4纳克/克的分别为2.6%、3.0%、5.1%和2.7%。重复的1千克样品之间的污染存在显著差异，表明可能是少量个体受污染的无花果造成的。样品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2的相对比例也存在很大差异，这表明有不同的真菌来源。
